Biochemical Evaluation of Avocado Pear Leaf (Persea Americana)

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I extend my sincere gratitude to all those who contributed to the completion of this project. Special thanks to my Supervisor (Name of your Supervisor), the Head of Department (Name of your HOD), the Lecturers in the department of Industrial Chemistry, Book Authors and Profound Scholars of existing or related project material on “Biochemical Evaluation of Avocado Pear Leaf (Persea Americana)” for their invaluable guidance, support, and expertise throughout the journey.

I am also grateful to your study area (mention any funding organizations, if applicable) for their financial assistance. This research would not have been possible without the encouragement and assistance of some stakeholders (mention any mentors, teachers, or colleagues). Additionally, I would like to acknowledge the understanding and patience of my family and friends during this endeavor. Your unwavering support has been a constant source of motivation. Thank you all for being part of this meaningful endeavor.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PRELIMINARY PAGES

Title page
Approval page
Dedication
Acknowledgement
Table of Contents
Abstract

CHAPTER ONE

1.0 Introduction 1
1.1 Background information 1
1.2 Statement of the problem 3
1.3 Objective of the problem 3
1.4 Justification of the study 4
1.5 Aim and Scope of the study 4

CHAPTER TWO

2.0 Literature review 6
2.1 Botanical Description 6
2.2 How to make avocado leaves tea for kidney cleansing 12
2.3 Phytochemistry 13
2.4 Pharmacological Activity 16
2.4.1 Vascorelaxant Activity 16
2.4.2 Analgesic and Anti-inflammatory activity 17
2.4.3 Hypotensive activity 18
2.4.4 Anti convulsant effect 19
2.4.5 Anti-viral activity 20
2.4.6 Wound healing activity 20
2.4.7 Antiulcer effect 21
2.4.8 Antihepatotoxic activity 22
2.4.9 Antioxidant activity 23
2.4.10 Hypoglycemic activity 23
2.4.11 Effect on Body weight 24

CHAPTER THREE

3.0 Collection of sample 25
3.1 Determination of moisture content 27
3.2 Ash content 28
3.3 Determination of crude protein content 29
3.4 Estimation of crude fibre content 33
3.5 Carbohydrate estimation 35
3.6 Caloric Value estimation 36
3.7 Determination of total vitamin 36
3.8 Vitamin C 37
3.9 Estimation of Vitamin A 38
3.10 Determination of total Oxalate 39
3.11 Estimation of Tannin 41
3.12 Determination of hydrocyanic Acid 42
3.12 Determination of Phytic acid 43

CHAPTER FOUR

4.0 Result and discussion 46
4.1 Carbohydrate 47
4.2 Protein 48
4.3 Ash 49
4.4 Fibre 49
4.5 Calories content 50
4.6 Lipid content 50
4.7 Moisture content 51
4.8 Total vitamin 52
4.8.1 Vitamin A 52
4.8.2 Vitamin C 53
4.9 Anti-nutrient 54
4.9.1 Oxalate 55
4.9.2 Phytic acid 56
4.9.3 Tannin 56
4.9.4 Hydrocyanic acid 57
4.10 Removal of anti-nutritional factor 57
Conclusion 58
Recommendation 60

REFERENCES

Defense Procedure for Industrial Chemistry Researchers

Be Intentional About Your Research Preparation in Context – As a student of Industrial Chemistry defending a project or seminar on Biochemical Evaluation of Avocado Pear Leaf (Persea Americana), you are expected to be thoroughly acquainted with your research. The defense process follows a structured format where you present your work, respond to questions, and demonstrate its relevance. Here’s a general guide to the defense procedure:

Introduction: Begin with a concise introduction of your research topic, highlighting its significance and the research objectives. This helps set the context for the audience and the External Examiner, allowing them to grasp the scope of your work. Before you step up to defend, ensure that you are familiar with your research abstract and the key components of Chapter One, including the motivation behind your study, the problem statement, the aims and objectives, as well as the scope and significance. For Chapter Two, it is advisable to reference at least two citations from the literature review. In Chapter Three, be prepared to discuss the methodologies, tools, and techniques you employed in your research. Moving to Chapter Four, you must justify your work and explain how your findings align with the objectives of your research.

Conclusion and Recommendations: Wrap up your defense by summarizing the study and offering well-grounded recommendations based on your findings.

Dress Code: Professional attire is an essential component of your final-year research defense. Wearing a suit and tie, for example, can create a positive impression and boost your overall presentation without you having to say a word.

Question and Answer Session: The External Examiner will ask questions based on your research. If you encounter a difficult or unrelated question, respond respectfully with, "Sorry, Sir/Madam, the question asked is beyond the scope of my study". Whenever possible, answer questions by referring directly to your research findings.

Biochemical Evaluation of Avocado Pear Leaf (Persea Americana)

DEDICATION

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

TABLE OF CONTENTS

ABSTRACT