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Development of Waste Based Biostimulant for the Remediation of Crude Oil Contaminated Soil

Development of Waste Based Biostimulant for the Remediation of Crude Oil Contaminated Soil

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DEDICATION

This research material, titled “Development of Waste Based Biostimulant for the Remediation of Crude Oil Contaminated Soil” is dedicated to God for His boundless grace and guidance. It is also a tribute to all computer enthusiasts whose contributions made my research journey smoother and enriched my documentation process, making the experience truly fulfilling.



ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I am profoundly grateful to everyone who contributed to the successful completion of this project. I am especially grateful to my Supervisor (Name), the Head of Department (Name), and the Lecturers in the Department of Petroleum Engineering for their invaluable guidance and support. I also acknowledge the contributions of authors and scholars whose works on Development of Waste Based Biostimulant for the Remediation of Crude Oil Contaminated Soil provided essential insights. Special thanks go to my study area (and any funding organizations, if applicable) for their financial assistance. I am equally thankful to stakeholders, including mentors, teachers, and colleagues, for their encouragement and support. Finally, I deeply appreciate my family and friends for their patience and unwavering support throughout this journey. Your contributions have been instrumental in making this research a reality.



ABSTRACT

In this research work, the development of a waste based Biostimulant in the remediation of Crude-oil contaminated soil was investigated. Biostimulants used was plant waste (Plantain Peel) at a constant proportion of crude oil contamination and treated with varying concentration of biostimulant (10%w/w, 15%w/w, 20%w/w, 25%w/w, 30%w/w). Microsoft Excel tool and Design Expert statistical software were used in the kinetic study and optimization of the process. The treatment period was done in 28days days. At the end of the study, in the sample treated with 100g PP the TPH was found to reduce from 28346 to 17498(mg/Kg) with %D equal to 39.2%, in 150, 200, 250 and 300(g) PP treament, TPH reduce from 28344 to 16595, 28343 to 15251, 28340 to 13883 and 28338 to 12255(mg/Kg) with corresponding %D of 42.07, 46.47, 50.74% and 55.98(%) respectively. The optimization results shows that the optimum TPH and HUB value was 14190.9mg/Kg and 2.34162cfu/g at mass A=282.312g, time B= 3.38379wks and temperature C= 21.3207oC with desirability of 1. Which showed that the predicted model actually fits the experimental data. The results so obtained shows that agro waste based technology using plantain peel is a cheap and effective means of bioremediation of crude oil contaminated sites.


Development of Waste Based Biostimulant for the Remediation of Crude Oil Contaminated Soil

CHAPTER ONE

1.1 Introduction

… As a prelude to other parts of this study, this chapter will discuss the background upon which this study was initiated, the statement of problems that led to this study, the Aim and Objectives of the study. Others are Significance of the study, Scope of work, Research hypothesis and questions, Limitation of the study and Definition of technical terms.…

CHAPTER TWO

2.0 Literature Review

2.1 Introduction

This chapter focuses on the review of related literature. A literature review includes the current knowledge as well as theoretical and methodological contributions to a particular topic. It documents the state of the art with respect to the topic you are writing. It surveys the literature in the topic selected. In this research work the literature review includes the conceputal review, theoretical framework, the review of related literature …

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Defense Procedure for Petroleum Engineering Researchers

In preparation for defending a project or seminar on Development of Waste Based Biostimulant for the Remediation of Crude Oil Contaminated Soil, it is imperative that as a nursing student, you demonstrate comprehensive knowledge of your research. The defense process is structured to include presenting your work, answering questions, and illustrating its pertinence. Initially, provide a succinct yet thorough introduction to your research topic, emphasizing its importance and the objectives, ensuring that both the audience and the External Examiner can understand the scope of your study.

Prior to your defense, be thoroughly acquainted with your research abstract and the critical elements of Chapter One, including motivation for embarking on this research, problem statement, objectives, and significance. In Chapter Two, be ready to cite at least two references from the literature review. For Chapter Three, you should be equipped to discuss the methodologies, tools, and techniques utilized. In Chapter Four, defend your research by justifying the findings and linking them to your research objectives.

Conclude your defense by succinctly summarizing the study and offering insightful, evidence-based recommendations. A professional dress code, such as wearing a suit and tie, is vital to create a favorable impression and elevate your presentation.

During the question and answer segment, the External Examiner may pose questions pertaining to your research. If confronted with a challenging or irrelevant question, respond diplomatically with, “Sorry, Sir/Madam, the question asked is beyond the scope of my study.” Whenever possible, direct your answers back to your research findings to reinforce your expertise.

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