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Effects of Fertilizers on Soil Microbial Diversity, Growth and Yield of Two Pasture Grasses

Effects of Fertilizers on Soil Microbial Diversity, Growth and Yield of Two Pasture Grasses

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DEDICATION

This research material, titled “Effects of Fertilizers on Soil Microbial Diversity, Growth and Yield of Two Pasture Grasses” is dedicated to God for His boundless grace and guidance. It is also a tribute to all computer enthusiasts whose contributions made my research journey smoother and enriched my documentation process, making the experience truly fulfilling.



ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I am profoundly grateful to everyone who contributed to the successful completion of this project. I am especially grateful to my Supervisor (Name), the Head of Department (Name), and the Lecturers in the Department of Soil Science for their invaluable guidance and support. I also acknowledge the contributions of authors and scholars whose works on Effects of Fertilizers on Soil Microbial Diversity, Growth and Yield of Two Pasture Grasses provided essential insights. Special thanks go to my study area (and any funding organizations, if applicable) for their financial assistance. I am equally thankful to stakeholders, including mentors, teachers, and colleagues, for their encouragement and support. Finally, I deeply appreciate my family and friends for their patience and unwavering support throughout this journey. Your contributions have been instrumental in making this research a reality.



TABLE OF CONTENTS

PRELIMINARY PAGES

CHAPTER ONE

  • 1.0 Introduction
  • 1.1 Objective of the Study

CHAPTER TWO

  • 2.0 Literature Review
  • 2.1 Soil Microbial Diversity
  • 2.2 Effects of Anthropogenic Waste Liquid on Soil Microbes
  • 2.3 Effects of Chemical Fertilizers on Soil Microbes
  • 2.4 Effects of Cattle Dung on Soil Microbes
  • 2.5 Human Urine as a Fertilizer
  • 2.6 Response of panicum maximum to Fertilization
  • 2.7 Response of sorghum almum to Fertilization
  • 2.8 Description of Test Crops
  • 2.8.1 panicum maximum
  • 2.8.2 sorghum almum

CHAPTER THREE

  • 3.0 Materials and Method
  • 3.1 Experimental Site
  • 3.2 Collection of soil Sample, Seed and Fertilizer
  • 3.3 Experimental Layout
  • 3.4 Fertilizer Application
  • 3.5 Data Collection
  • 3.5.1 Sward Height (cm)
  • 3.5.2 Sward Re-growth (cm)
  • 3.5.2 Fresh Herbage Yield (g)
  • 3.5.3 Dry Herbage Yield (g)
  • 3.6 Statistical Analysis
  • 3.7 Soil Sample Microbial Analysis
  • 3.7.1 Enumeration of Micro-Organism in Soil Samples From Different Treatments using the Serial Dilution Method
  • 3.7.2 Equipment Used
  • 3.7.3 Materials
  • 3.7.4 Medium Used
  • 3.7.5 Media Preparation
  • 3.7.6 Preparation of Sample
  • 3.7.7 Inoculation
  • 3.7.8 Incubation

CHAPTER FOUR

  • 4.0 Result

CHAPTER FIVE

  • 5.0 Discussion

CHAPTER SIX

  • 6.0 Conclusion

REFERENCES


ABSTRACT

A 6 month study was conducted in the screen house and laboratory of the Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Benin, Benin City. The objective was to ascertain the effects of fertilizers on soil microbial diversity growth and yield of two forage grasses. The experiment was set up in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) arrangement.

There were 10 factorial treatments, made up from five fertilizers (Control, Anthropogenic liquid waste a (1:3 and 1:6 dilutions), NPK and cattle dung) and two forage grasses (Sorghum almum and Panicum maximum) replicated three times. The parameters measures were sward height, sward regrowth, fresh and dry herbage yields. Serial dilution of the fertilized soils was carried out to enumerate the microbial populations. Generally, Anthropogenic liquid waste (1:3) and NPK(15:15:15) were equal in performance and better than the other fertilizers in terms of herbage growth (sward height and sward regrowth). Anthropogenic liquid waste (1:3) produced the significantly highest fresh and dry herbage yields among the fertilizers.

Furthermore Anthropogenic liquid waste (1:3) favoured the highest proliferation of microbes. The favourable response of the grasses and the higher microbial population in the soil treated with Anthropogenic liquid waste implies that this fertilizer contains high quantities of readily available plant nutrients.


Effects of Fertilizers on Soil Microbial Diversity, Growth and Yield of Two Pasture Grasses

CHAPTER ONE

1.1 Introduction

… As a prelude to other parts of this study, this chapter will discuss the background upon which this study was initiated, the statement of problems that led to this study, the Aim and Objectives of the study. Others are Significance of the study, Scope of work, Research hypothesis and questions, Limitation of the study and Definition of technical terms.…

CHAPTER TWO

2.0 Literature Review

2.1 Introduction

This chapter focuses on the review of related literature. A literature review includes the current knowledge as well as theoretical and methodological contributions to a particular topic. It documents the state of the art with respect to the topic you are writing. It surveys the literature in the topic selected. In this research work the literature review includes the conceputal review, theoretical framework, the review of related literature …

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Defense Procedure for Soil Science Researchers

In preparation for defending a project or seminar on Effects of Fertilizers on Soil Microbial Diversity, Growth and Yield of Two Pasture Grasses, it is imperative that as a nursing student, you demonstrate comprehensive knowledge of your research. The defense process is structured to include presenting your work, answering questions, and illustrating its pertinence. Initially, provide a succinct yet thorough introduction to your research topic, emphasizing its importance and the objectives, ensuring that both the audience and the External Examiner can understand the scope of your study.

Prior to your defense, be thoroughly acquainted with your research abstract and the critical elements of Chapter One, including motivation for embarking on this research, problem statement, objectives, and significance. In Chapter Two, be ready to cite at least two references from the literature review. For Chapter Three, you should be equipped to discuss the methodologies, tools, and techniques utilized. In Chapter Four, defend your research by justifying the findings and linking them to your research objectives.

Conclude your defense by succinctly summarizing the study and offering insightful, evidence-based recommendations. A professional dress code, such as wearing a suit and tie, is vital to create a favorable impression and elevate your presentation.

During the question and answer segment, the External Examiner may pose questions pertaining to your research. If confronted with a challenging or irrelevant question, respond diplomatically with, “Sorry, Sir/Madam, the question asked is beyond the scope of my study.” Whenever possible, direct your answers back to your research findings to reinforce your expertise.

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