Project Topics Seminar Topics School of Nursing Exam PDF Sign Up
Search Topic
PARKLYN
ERVICES
 · RC: 2994849
Empirical Determination of Labour Outputs for Block Laying
WhatsApp Channel

Empirical Determination of Labour Outputs for Block Laying

This page presents an excerpt of the research material, providing a comprehensive overview of the study. It includes the Preliminary Pages, Table of Contents, Abstract, Chapters One to Five, and References, making it accessible and informative for students, researchers, and other readers interested in the topic of this study. Acknowledgement is also included, expressing gratitude to the individuals, institutions, and resources that contributed to the successful completion of the research, with materials and information sourced from the online platform sparklyn.com.ng, which provided valuable academic support.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PRELIMINARY PAGES

  • Title page
  • Approval page
  • Dedication
  • Acknowledgement
  • Table of Contents
  • Abstract

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

  • 1.1 Introduction
  • 1.2 Background of Study
  • 1.3 Statement of the Problem
  • 1.4 Aim and Objective of the Study
  • 1.5 Research Questions
  • 1.6 Research Hypothesis
  • 1.7 Significance of Study
  • 1.8 Scope of Study
  • 1.9 Limitations of the Study
  • 1.10 Operational Definition of Terms

CHAPTER TWO

LITERATURE REVIEW

  • 2.1 Introduction
  • 2.2 Conceptual Review
  • 2.3 Theoretical Framework
  • ⋮
  • 2.4 Empirical Studies
  • 2.5 Research Gaps
  • 2.6 Summary of Literature Review

CHAPTER THREE

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

  • 3.1 Introduction
  • 3.2 Research Design
  • 3.3 Population of Study
  • 3.4 Sampling and Sampling Technique
  • 3.5 Validation of Research Instrument
  • 3.6 Method of Data Collection
  • 3.7 Method of Data Analysis
  • 3.8 Questionnaire Administration
  • 3.9 Ethical Consideration
  • 3.10 Statistical Analysis

CHAPTER FOUR

DATA ANALYSIS, RESULT AND DISCUSSION

  • 4.1 Introduction
  • 4.2 Presentation and Analysis of Data
  • 4.3 Re-statement of Research Questions
  • 4.4 Test of Hypotheses
  • 4.5 Discussion of Findings

CHAPTER FIVE

SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

  • 5.1 Introduction
  • 5.2 Summary of Findings
  • 5.3 Conclusion
  • 5.4 Recommendation
  • 5.5 Suggestion for Further Study

REFERENCES

APPENDIX A - “QUESTIONNAIRE”

ABSTRACT

The source and nature of output constants used for preparation of construction estimates should be accurate and reliable for the client to have confidence on the prepared estimates. This research is focused on using time study approach to empirically determine the outputs of block laying work items inconstruction industry. The study reviewed BESMM3 and surveyed possible block work items in construction sites. Ten work items were selected from the identified block work items in BESMM3 and construction sites for Physical observations and output measurement. A total of 105 sites were observed in F.C.T.,

Abuja and Nasarawa state. Data collected were subjected to statistical analysis using both the descriptive and inferential data analysis techniques. The inferential tools adopted were T-test and ANOVA statistics to assess and examine the influence of some selected labour productivity factors on the outputs of the workers observed. The inferential test revealed the following; period of observation, shape of the building and mode of employment significantly affected outputs on the ten work items.

The results of the analysis carried out established mean output values per day for: 150mm thick block in foundation (12.85m2); 150mm thick block in superstructure (13.22 m2); 150mm thick block in superstructure overhand (12.47m2); 225mm thick block in foundation (8.90m2); 225mm thick block in superstructure (11.17m2); 225mm thick block in superstructure overhand (9.16m2); 225mm thick block isolated piers in superstructure (5.00m2); 225mm thick block piers in superstructure overhand (4.57m2); 225mm thick block in pit bottom plan > 4 m2 (7.85m2); 225mm thick block in bottom plan The research recommended that in compliance to BESMM3, the NIQS in collaboration with NJIC to sponsor a research on determination of labour outputs in all trades as a way to ensure uniformity in output constants. The study therefore finally concludes that SMM takes cognizance of productivity impact associated with labour and it is imperative for reliability and accuracy in block work estimate to empirically determine labour outputs on the basis of work items as stated in BESMM3.

CHAPTER ONE

1.0 Introduction

1.1 Background of the Study

In Nigeria, like most developing countries, the construction industry plays a dominant role in the economic activities of the country.The efficiency of the construction industry has been established to heavily rely on its level of productivity. Construction productivity is constantly declining over a decade due to the lack of standard productivity data base system and ignorance of impact of various factors influencing labour productivity (Muqeemet al., 2011).The accuracy of the project cost estimates depend largely on the degree of accuracy of cost information obtained on the key components of an estimate (i.e. labour, plant, material, and profit and overhead) (Abdullahi, 2009), while the use of Standard Methods of Measurement (SMM) for the preparation of BOQ gives the quality and standard of the extent of work to be done, it also takes precedence of the cost significances of every classes of operations within a trade.

The common method of generating cost estimates for construction projects involves the multiplication of unit rate by the measured quantities in the bill of quantities (Ashworth, 2002).The unit rate is a component of labour rate (obtained from the multiplication of labour constant by all-in rate) plus cost of material and percentage allowance for profit and overhead, while the measured quantities are obtained from drawings and specifications for the works rules specified by Building and Engineering Standard Methods of Measurement (BESMM3).

…

CHAPTER TWO

LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1 Introduction

This chapter focuses on the review of related literature. A literature review presents current knowledge, as well as theoretical and methodological contributions, related to Empirical Determination of Labour Outputs for Block Laying. It documents the state of the art on the subject under study and provides a comprehensive survey of existing literature. In this research work the literature review includes the conceputal review, theoretical framework, the review of related literature …

How to Download the Complete PDF Material (Table of Contents, Abstract, Chapter 1-5, and References)

Above is a preview excerpt of the full study on “Empirical Determination of Labour Outputs for Block Laying”. The complete material, including all five chapters, is available for download upon request. Get in touch with us here!

Download Material (Docx)