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The Roles of Middlemen in the Marketing of Paddy Rice

The Roles of Middlemen in the Marketing of Paddy Rice

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DEDICATION

This research material, titled “The Roles of Middlemen in the Marketing of Paddy Rice” is dedicated to God for His boundless grace and guidance. It is also a tribute to all computer enthusiasts whose contributions made my research journey smoother and enriched my documentation process, making the experience truly fulfilling.



ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I am profoundly grateful to everyone who contributed to the successful completion of this project. I am especially grateful to my Supervisor (Name), the Head of Department (Name), and the Lecturers in the Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension for their invaluable guidance and support. I also acknowledge the contributions of authors and scholars whose works on The Roles of Middlemen in the Marketing of Paddy Rice provided essential insights. Special thanks go to my study area (and any funding organizations, if applicable) for their financial assistance. I am equally thankful to stakeholders, including mentors, teachers, and colleagues, for their encouragement and support. Finally, I deeply appreciate my family and friends for their patience and unwavering support throughout this journey. Your contributions have been instrumental in making this research a reality.



TABLE OF CONTENTS

PRELIMINARY PAGES

CHAPTER ONE

  • 1.0 Introduction
  • 1.1 Background of the Study
  • 1.2 Statement of Problem
  • 1.3 Objectives of the Study
  • 1.4 Hypothesis Testing
  • 1.5 Significance of Study
  • 1.6 Scope and Limitation of Study
  • 1.7 Definition of Terms

CHAPTER TWO

  • 2.0 Literature Review
  • 2.1 Rice (Oriza sativa)
  • 2.2 Market and Marketing
  • 2.3 Evolution of Agricultural Marketing
  • 2.3.1 Types of Market
  • 2.3.2 Marketing Margins
  • 2.3.3 Marketing Costs
  • 2.4 Marketing Efficiency
  • 2.4.1 Types of Marketing Efficiency
  • 2.4.2 Operational Efficiency
  • 2.4.3 Pricing Efficiency
  • 2.5 Marketing Infrastructure
  • 2.6 Marketing Information
  • 2.7 Market Training
  • 2.8 Enabling Environment
  • 2.9 Approaches to Marketing
  • 2.10 Marketing Functions
  • 2.10.1 Pricing and Exchange
  • 2.10.2 Selling
  • 2.10.3 Assembly
  • 2.10.4 Physical Function
  • 2.10.5 Facilitating Function
  • 2.11 Middlemen of Agriculture Marketing
  • 2.11.1 Merchant Middlemen
  • 2.11.2 Agent Middlemen
  • 2.11.3 Speculative Middlemen
  • 2.11.4 Processors and Manufacturers
  • 2.12 Marketing Organization
  • 2.13 Marketing Channels
  • 2.14 Marketing Chain

CHAPTER THREE

  • 3.0 Research Methodology
  • 3.1 The Study Area
  • 3.2 Population of Study
  • 3.3 Sampling procedure and Sample size
  • 3.4 Method of Data Collection
  • 3.5 Variable Specification and Measurements
  • 3.6 Method of Data Analysis

CHAPTER FOUR

  • 4.0 Results and Discussions
  • 4.1 Socioeconomic Characteristics
  • 4.2 Roles of Middlemen
  • 4.3 Quantity of Rice Produced by Farmers
  • 4.4 Income made by both Farmers and Middlemen
  • 4.5 Paddy Rice marketing Constraints
  • 4.6 Solutions to Problems of Marketing
  • 4.7 Profit Generated by both Farmers and Middlemen
  • 4.8 Price of Rice at different Markets

CHAPTER FIVE

  • 5.0 Conclusion and Recommendations
  • 5.1 Conclusion
  • 5.2 Recommendations

REFERENCES

APPENDICES


ABSTRACT

The study assessed the role of middlemen in the marketing of paddy rice in Kwande Local Government Area of Benue state. Simple random technique was used to select respondents. 140 copies of questionnaire were administered with the aim of reaching out to 70 rice farmers and 70 middlemen in the four major markets of study area. Frequency distribution, percentage, ranking, mean, the matrices correlation and the student t-test were used to analyze the data collected.

The studies revealed that majority (66.4%) of the respondents were male whose major occupation was farming. 78.6% of the respondents had formal education (Primary, Secondary and Tertiary. Their major source of capital for rice production and marketing was through personal saving and informal sources of credit. Majority (60.0%) of the middlemen determined the time of sales, they (middlemen) also determined market price of rice through haggling and haggling (Bargaining). Majority 84.3% of middlemen determined storage place for paddy rice in the area as personal house they also formed market associations to problems of rice marketing in the area.

It was also revealed that, rice production in the area was on a small scale with 67.2% of farmers cultivating less than 21bags of rice per season. The t-cal of 5.337> t-tab of 1.96 at (p


The Roles of Middlemen in the Marketing of Paddy Rice

CHAPTER ONE

1.1 Introduction

… As a prelude to other parts of this study, this chapter will discuss the background upon which this study was initiated, the statement of problems that led to this study, the Aim and Objectives of the study. Others are Significance of the study, Scope of work, Research hypothesis and questions, Limitation of the study and Definition of technical terms.…

CHAPTER TWO

2.0 Literature Review

2.1 Introduction

This chapter focuses on the review of related literature. A literature review includes the current knowledge as well as theoretical and methodological contributions to a particular topic. It documents the state of the art with respect to the topic you are writing. It surveys the literature in the topic selected. In this research work the literature review includes the conceputal review, theoretical framework, the review of related literature …

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