1.1 Introduction
Critical Success Factors (CSFs) in construction refer to the essential elements that significantly influence the successful delivery of construction projects. These factors are fundamental to achieving project objectives, particularly in enhancing quality performance. in the context of public construction projects, CSFs encompass a range of dimensions, including effective project management, stakeholder engagement, skilled labor, financial resources, and adherence to regulatory standards (Zhao et al., 2016).
The construction industry plays a pivotal role in the economic development of any nation, serving as a key driver for infrastructure development, job creation, and overall economic growth. In Osun State, Nigeria, public construction projects significantly contribute to enhancing the quality of life through improved infrastructure, such as roads, schools, and hospitals. However, the successful execution of these projects often hinges on a variety of factors that impact their quality performance.
As a prelude to other parts of this study, this chapter will discuss the background upon which this study was initiated, the statement of problems that led to this study, the Aim and Objectives of the study. Others are Significance of the study, Scope of work, Research hypothesis and questions, Limitation of the study and Definition of terms.
1.2 Background of Study
In the late 20th century, researchers began to explore the determinants of project success more rigorously. The concept of CSFs was popularized by Rockart (1979), who identified that organizations needed to focus on specific areas to achieve their goals. This notion was quickly adopted in the construction industry, where studies began to identify CSFs that directly influenced project performance. In Nigeria, early research highlighted issues such as inadequate project planning, poor communication, and lack of skilled labor as significant barriers to successful project delivery (Iyer & Jha, 2005).
As public construction projects in Nigeria, including Osun State, became more prevalent, researchers started to focus on context-specific factors. Studies showed that local conditions, such as socioeconomic factors, regulatory environments, and community engagement, significantly affected the quality and success of construction projects (Ogunlana, 2006). The growing recognition of these factors led to more tailored assessments that considered the unique challenges faced by public projects in Osun State. By the early 21st century, various scholars began conducting empirical studies that examined CSFs within the context of public construction projects in Nigeria. These studies identified critical factors such as stakeholder involvement, risk management, and effective communication as vital for enhancing quality performance (Ogunbode et al., 2019).
The construction industry is fundamental to economic development, particularly in developing regions like Osun State, Nigeria. Public construction projects, including infrastructure development such as roads, bridges, schools, and hospitals, are crucial for enhancing societal welfare and fostering economic growth. However, the performance of these projects is often challenged by various factors that can affect their quality, timeliness, and cost-effectiveness. Understanding these factors is essential for improving project delivery and ensuring that public investments yield the desired benefits. Quality performance in construction is typically defined by adherence to project specifications, timeliness of completion, budget management, and overall stakeholder satisfaction (Khan & Khalid, 2019).
Research has shown that several critical success factors (CSFs) influence these performance metrics, including effective project management, stakeholder engagement, risk management, and regulatory compliance (Ogunlana, 2016). In Osun State, the unique socio-economic and cultural context further complicates the landscape, as factors such as local workforce availability, material sourcing, and community involvement play significant roles in project outcomes.
Research indicates that numerous elements, including project management practices, stakeholder engagement, regulatory compliance, and resource allocation, significantly influence the quality performance of construction projects (Zhang et al., 2019). Poor performance in these areas can lead to project delays, budget overruns, and substandard outcomes, ultimately affecting public trust and satisfaction. Therefore, understanding the dynamics of these factors in the context of Osun State is vital for improving project delivery and outcomes.
The historical context of construction in Osun State reflects a growing recognition of the importance of CSFs. As public projects increase in number and complexity, stakeholders have begun to acknowledge that a systematic assessment of these factors is necessary to improve quality performance. Past studies have indicated that projects often fall short of their objectives due to inadequate planning, lack of skilled labor, and insufficient stakeholder collaboration (Adeleke et al., 2020). Therefore, this study aims to assess the critical success factors that impact the quality performance of public construction projects in Osun State, providing a framework for stakeholders to enhance project delivery and outcomes.
1.3 Statement of Problems
Investigation revealed that the scarcity of skilled labor is another significant problem impacting construction quality. Many projects struggle due to a shortage of trained personnel who possess the necessary skills and experience (Iyer & Jha, 2005). This shortage is not only a result of inadequate training programs but also reflects broader socioeconomic issues within the region. Moreover, inadequate stakeholder engagement is a critical factor that contributes to the poor quality of public construction projects in Osun State. Often, stakeholders, including community members and local authorities, are not adequately involved in the decision-making process, which results in a disconnect between project objectives and local needs (Ogunlana, 2006).
Furthermore, regulatory challenges and bureaucratic inefficiencies are prevalent in the construction sector in Osun State. The lack of clear guidelines and slow administrative processes is a barrier that complicates project execution and affects overall quality (Ogunbode et al., 2019).
1.4 Aim and Objectives of Study
The aim of this study is to assess the critical success factors that affect the quality performance of public construction projects in Osun State. The objectives of the study include:
- To assess the influence of regulatory frameworks and policies on the quality performance of construction projects in Osun State.
- To identify the key critical success factors influencing the quality performance of public construction projects in Osun State.
- To evaluate the impact of project management practices on the quality performance of public construction projects.
- To examine the role of stakeholder engagement in enhancing the quality of construction project outcomes.
- To analyze the relationship between skilled labor availability and the quality performance of public construction projects.
- To provide recommendations for improving the quality performance of public construction projects based on the identified success factors and challenges.
1.5 Research Questions
The study came up with research questions so as to be able to ascertain the above stated objectives. The specific research questions for the study are stated below as follows:
- What are the key critical success factors that influence the quality performance of public construction projects in Osun State?
- How do project management practices impact the quality performance of public construction projects?
- What is the relationship between the availability of skilled labor and the quality performance of public construction projects?
- How do regulatory frameworks and policies influence the quality performance of public construction projects in Osun State?
- What challenges do project manager’s face in ensuring quality performance in public construction projects, and how can these challenges be addressed?
- Does stakeholder engagement affect the quality outcomes of public construction projects in Osun State?
1.6 Research Hypothesis
In order to pursue the objective of this study, the following generalized statements have been designed to guide and aids in obtaining the result for the experiment to be conducted. For this work, the null hypothesis will be represented with H0 while the alternative hypothesis will be represented with hypothesis H1.
Hypothesis One
- H0: There is no significant relationship between critical success factors and the quality performance of public construction projects in Osun State.
- H1: There is a significant relationship between critical success factors and the quality performance of public construction projects in Osun State.
Hypothesis Two
- H0: Effective project management practices do not significantly enhance the quality performance of public construction projects in Osun State.
- H1: Effective project management practices significantly enhance the quality performance of public construction projects in Osun State.
1.7 Significance of Study
The significance of this study lies in its potential to contribute valuable insights into the management of public construction projects in Osun State. It will provide stakeholders, including government officials, project managers, and construction firms, with a comprehensive understanding of the critical success factors that influence quality performance. This knowledge will help in the formulation of strategies that enhance project delivery and ensure compliance with quality standards.
The study will also serve as a resource for policymakers by highlighting areas that require attention and improvement in the construction sector. By identifying key factors affecting quality performance, the findings will facilitate better decision-making and resource allocation, ultimately leading to improved infrastructure development.
Furthermore, the study will contribute to the existing body of literature on construction management by offering empirical evidence and practical recommendations. This will benefit academic researchers and practitioners seeking to explore the dynamics of quality performance in public construction projects.
Lastly, it will raise awareness among stakeholders about the importance of quality performance in construction, fostering a culture of excellence and accountability in project execution.
1.8 Scope of Study
The scope of the research is focused on the assessment of critical success factors affecting quality performance of public construction projects in Osun State.
1.9 Limitations of the Study
The study was subject to several limitations that may have impacted the findings.
- Insufficient data due to a lack of comprehensive records from public construction projects in Osun State was a significant constraint, limiting the breadth of analysis.
- Frequent power failures disrupted data collection efforts, leading to delays in the research process.
- Additionally, delays from respondents in providing necessary information hindered timely completion of the study.
- Financial constraints restricted the scope of the research, affecting the ability to gather extensive data or conduct in-depth interviews.
- Time limitations further impacted the thoroughness of the study, as the research was conducted within a tight schedule, which may have affected the depth of analysis and discussion.
1.10 Definition of Terms
Critical Success Factors (CSFs): CSFs are essential areas of activity that must be performed well to achieve the goals of a project. They are the key factors that influence the success of an organization and are often identified during the planning phase of a project. According to Rockart (1979), CSFs help organizations focus on what is most important to their success and ensure that resources are allocated effectively (Rockart, J. F. 1979).
Quality Performance: Quality performance refers to the degree to which a project meets its specified requirements and satisfies stakeholders' expectations. in the construction industry, this includes aspects such as durability, functionality, and aesthetic appeal, as well as compliance with regulatory standards (ISO 9000:2015).
Public Construction Projects: Public construction projects are large-scale constructions funded and managed by government entities. These projects typically aim to provide infrastructure and services that benefit the public, such as roads, bridges, schools, and hospitals. The success of these projects is crucial for public welfare and economic development (Mackenzie, C. 2010).
Osun State: Osun State is a state in southwestern Nigeria, known for its rich cultural heritage and diverse economic activities. It has seen numerous public construction projects aimed at enhancing infrastructure and development. The state's unique socio-economic context influences the success factors associated with construction projects (Ogunleye, O. 2014).
