Causes and Consequences of Pre Marital Sex Among Secondary School Students in Nsukka Local Government Area

Causes and Consequences of Pre Marital Sex Among Secondary School Students

Project / Seminar Material
Reference ID: PS-24635-TM

DEDICATION

This research material titled “Causes and Consequences of Pre Marital Sex Among Secondary School Students” is dedicated to God for his enabling grace, and to all computer enthusiasts who contributed to make life a pleasant experience during my research documentation.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I extend my sincere gratitude to all those who contributed to the completion of this project. Special thanks to my Supervisor (Name of your Supervisor), the Head of Department (Name of your HOD), the Lecturers in the department of Sex Education, Book Authors and Profound Scholars of existing or related project material on “Causes and Consequences of Pre Marital Sex Among Secondary School Students” for their invaluable guidance, support, and expertise throughout the journey.

I am also grateful to your study area (mention any funding organizations, if applicable) for their financial assistance. This research would not have been possible without the encouragement and assistance of some stakeholders (mention any mentors, teachers, or colleagues). Additionally, I would like to acknowledge the understanding and patience of my family and friends during this endeavor. Your unwavering support has been a constant source of motivation. Thank you all for being part of this meaningful endeavor.

Causes and Consequences of Pre Marital Sex Among Secondary School Students in Nsukka Local Government Area

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PRELIMINARY PAGES

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

  • 1.1 Introduction
  • 1.2 Background of Study
  • 1.3 Statement of Problems
  • 1.4 Aim and Objectives of Study
  • 1.5 Research Questions
  • 1.6 Research Hypothesis
  • 1.7 Significance of Study
  • 1.8 Scope of Study
  • 1.9 Limitations of the Study
  • 1.10 Operational Definition of Terms

CHAPTER TWO

LITERATURE REVIEW

  • 2.1 Introduction
  • 2.2 Conceptual Review of Premarital Sex
  • 2.3 Attitude towards Premarital Sex
  • 2.4 Causes of Premarital Sex
  • 2.5 Consequences of Premarital Sex
  • 2.6 Theoretical Framework
  • 2.6.1 Parents Role or Attitude to Academic Attainment of Children
  • 2.6.2 Factors that may Hinder Academic Achievement of Children
  • 2.6.3 Importance of Teaching Sex Education
  • 2.6.4 Implications of Not Teaching Sex Education
  • 2.6.5 Need for Female Education
  • 2.7 Need for Parent Children Communication
  • 2.8 Empirical Studies

CHAPTER THREE

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

  • 3.1 Introduction
  • 3.2 Research Design
  • 3.3 Population of Study
  • 3.4 Sampling and Sampling Technique
  • 3.5 Validation of Research Instrument
  • 3.6 Method of Data Collection
  • 3.7 Method of Data Analysis
  • 3.8 Questionnaire Administration
  • 3.9 Ethical Consideration
  • 3.10 Statistical Analysis

CHAPTER FOUR

DATA ANALYSIS, RESULT AND DISCUSSION

  • 4.1 Introduction
  • 4.2 Presentation and Analysis of Data
  • 4.3 Re-statement of Research Questions
  • 4.4 Test of Hypotheses
  • 4.5 Discussion of Findings

CHAPTER FIVE

SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

  • 5.1 Introduction
  • 5.2 Summary of Findings
  • 5.3 Conclusion
  • 5.4 Recommendation
  • 5.5 Suggestion for Further Study

REFERENCES

APPENDIX A - “QUESTIONNAIRE”

ABSTRACT

The study was conducted to investigate the Causes and Consequences of Pre Marital Sex Among Secondary School Students. Investigation revealed that premarital sex had an impact on many young people's social status and academic ability, particularly for secondary school students. The idea that sex should be enjoyed in whatever way imaginable is frequently the result of premarital sexual encounters. The research design used in this report is descriptive design, utilizing questionnaire method to obtain information from the respondents for this project. A total of 200 (two hundred) respondents were selected for this study to represent the entire population of the study. For null hypotheses were formulated and tested using the one-way ANOVA and the t-test statistical tools at zero point zero five (0.05) level of significance. Primary data were collected from the primary source which questionnaire was used as an instrument of data collection while secondary data were sources from textbooks, journals, newspapers and the internet were employed. The data were presented on a frequency distribution table and analyzed using simple percentage, while hypothesis was tested using chi-square test. This study will help the management of the institution, the individual and the society at large. It will also help the school counselors to carry out their job effectively. Based on the findings, it is recommended that parents should discourage their children from watching pornographic films/Internet sites, reading pornographic magazines/write-ups and Family planning pamphlets. Government should provide adequate facilities to educate a Girl-Child at the early stage in life by emphasizing on Sex Education in their early Secondary School days and create an enabling environment that will improve life for the young ones.

Causes and Consequences of Pre Marital Sex Among Secondary School Students in Nsukka Local Government Area

CHAPTER ONE

1.1 Introduction

Premarital sexual behavior is a sexual activities practiced by persons who are unmarried and it has been considered taboo in some cultures and sin in numerous religion (Stephen & Stephen, 2016). Sex being a universal term one would expect a great deal to be known about it. The family institution is where sexual activities or intercourse takes place between two adults if opposite sex is not confined to young people alone; a good number of people who are not married are also vulnerable to pre-marital sex. This is evidence by the large number of unintended pregnancies many of which get terminated in back street clinics (Alo, 2008), the high rate of sexual transmitted infected among the 15-24 years old and an increasing number of girls dropping out of school due to unwanted pregnancies.

This chapter will address the background information that motivated this study, the challenges that prompted it, its aim, and its objectives as a preface to subsequent sections of the study. Additional factors include the study's significance, scope, limitations, research questions and hypotheses, and the definition of technical terms.

1.2 Background of Study

Premarital sexual behavior among students appears to be a reality that cannot be ignored. Several studies reveal that students’ premarital sexual activities are on the increase and common in most African schools (Jones & Espey, 2008, & Miyakado & Timothy; 2014 & Idoko, Muyiwa Agoha, 2015).

In a recent report released by CSA (centre for the study of adolescent) the age of sexual debut is now at all time low of between 8 and 12 years infact, 8 out of young people will have had sec before they reach the age of 20. This increases the chances of unwanted pregnancies, sexually transmitted diseases as well as chance of dropping out of school. Also consequences diseases of pre-marital, sexually transmitted diseases are higher for females. If a young girl becomes pregnant, she places herself and her unborn child at further risk; because, a young girls’ body will not have developed to the point being able to handle child birth safely.

Even of a young mother escape severe health consequences, she must still face serious responsibilities of parenthood. This is aside the fact that she drops out of school and excepts in rare cases she may never go back to school again (AIO 2008), modern society is becoming free in many different ways so that premarital sex is becoming more ordinary. Pre-marital sex seems to be causing many socials disturbance such as disorderly household and more corruption of public morals.

The issue of undergraduate’s attitude towards pre-marital sex is something that has a lot of controversies and complications. Many of these arguments are matter of opinions which still need to be substantiated with fact and figures before they can be accepted. It is not surprising that one out of every four undergraduates students are unsure if it is right or wrong to have sexual relationship prior to marriage, given how much undergraduates are in their daily living, starting from the post-primary years. The fact that most adolescents or young adults behave that pre-marital sex is important to the sustenance or reservation of the relationship does not entail that it is legally or customable right. However, constant presentation and portrayal of sex outside marriage as normal every day event by the media seems to be a motivational factor to those adolescent or young adults, thereby placing the consequences behinds.

The emergence of antisocial conduct, such as premarital sex and its unfavourable outcomes such as unintended pregnancies, criminal activity, abortion, expulsion from school, and health problems, to mention a few should worry adolescents due to this period. Many Nigerian secondary schools deal with the problem of teenage pregnancy, as most teenage pregnancies are not conceived inside the family. Roughly speaking, every year one in ten teenage girls becomes pregnant.

The age at which a woman has her first sexual experience is either rising or staying the same, and these trends are consistent with the age at which marriage is legally binding. But according to Mensch et al. (2006), there has been a change in a number of nations towards a rise in the proportion of women who have sex while still in their adolescent years and before getting married. The urge to explore sexual experiences is increased in prisoners by psychological growth and puberty, which also enables them to express or act on these sentiments with partners who are prepared to share the same sexuality. Teenagers have been socializing with their parents, friends, and instructors for a considerable amount of time. Therefore, in Nigeria where the research was carried out, the activities that was conducted is to know the Causes and Consequences of Pre Marital Sex Among Secondary School Students.

1.3 Statement of Problems

Investigation revealed that premarital sex can affect the social class and the achievement of many young people especially secondary school pupils. Sex in itself, is not wrong at any age but pre-marital forms. Sex may harm the mental development of adults in several forms. Pre-marital sexual experiences many atimes, leads to the misconception that sex is to be enjoyed at whatever ways possible.

Forced pre-marital sex may lead to mental depressions and dilemma. Another danger is possible exchange of diseases as premarital partners may not be aware of diseases that spread through pre-marital sex. Emotional imbalances and guilt feeling could be the result of most pre-marital sex. This study is design to examine how pre-marital affects of Nsukka Local Government Area of Enugu State.

1.4 Aim and Objectives of Study

The aim of the study is to investigate the Causes and Consequences of Pre Marital Sex Among Secondary School Students in Nsukka Local Government Area. In achieving this aim, the following specific objectives were laid out as follows:

  1. To examine the factors responsible for secondary school students involvement in pre-marital sex;
  2. To find out the risks encountered in pre-marital sex among secondary school students;
  3. To evaluate the effects of premarital sex among secondary school students; and
  4. To determine the solution to the problem encountered with the adult student through pre-marital sex.

1.5 Research Questions

The study came up with research questions so as to be able to ascertain the above stated objectives. The specific research questions for the study are stated below as follows:

  • Is the level of participation in Sex Education low?
  • Are there Drop out cases paramount in the study area?
  • What are the causes of pre-marital sex?
  • What are the risks in engaging in pre-marital sex?
  • What are the effects of pre-marital sex on Secondary school girls?
  • What are the solutions to the problem encountered in pre-marital sex?

1.6 Research Hypothesis

In order to pursue the objective of this study, the following generalized statements have been designed to guide and aids in obtaining the result for the experiment to be conducted. For this work, the null hypothesis will be represented with H0 while the alternative hypothesis will be represented with hypothesis H1.

Hypothesis One

  • H0: Premarital sexual behaviour will not significantly influence secondary school students’ academic performance in the study area.
  • H1: Premarital sexual behaviour will significantly influence secondary school students’ academic performance in the study area.

Hypothesis Two

  • H0: There are no significant effects of pre-marital sex on Secondary school girls in the area under study
  • H1: There are significant effects of pre-marital sex on Secondary school girls in the area under study

1.7 Significance of Study

Although there is abundance of literature on the above, subject matter that is pre-marital sex of adult student in our higher institutions. The study will create awareness of the students to various problems that brings about pre-marital sex the outcome of this will sensitive the school authority to provide adequate security to the students.

This study will help the management of the institution, the individual and the society at large. It will also help the school counselors to carry out their job effectively. From the study the society and the individual will know the importance of abstaining from premarital sex relationship. The study will also assist in the reduction of sexual transmitted diseases as well as unwanted pregnancy.

Additionally, the study can also assist in creating awareness concerning the relationship responsible for pre-marital sexual relationship in the higher institutions. It will reduce the rate of pre-marital sex as well as encourage youth to “Zip-up” and maintain abstinence until marriage.

Furthermore, this study will be extremely helpful to other researchers who want to learn more about it, and non-researchers can utilize it to further their own research endeavours. The results of this study advances knowledge and may function as a model for future research.

1.8 Scope of Study

The scope of this research is focused on the Causes and Consequences of Pre Marital Sex among Secondary School Students using Nsukka Local Government Area of Enugu State as a reference point.

The study is delimited towards investigating the causes and consequences of premarital sex engagement among secondary school students. The impact of premarital sex on secondary school pupils will also be assessed by this study.

Furthermore, the research will offer suggestions on how to stop secondary school students from having premarital sex.

1.9 Limitations of the Study

During the course of this study, there were some problems encountered which stood as limitations to the research work. Some of the limitations include:

  1. Initial Cooperation Delay from Respondents: A particular limitation of this work came as a result of the respondent refusal to offer their cooperation at the initial time they were contacted. This contributed in making the success of this research study difficult.
  2. Time Constraint: The time frame given to accomplish this project was very short due to school academic calendar and it was carried out under pressure which made the researcher not to implement some necessary features.
  3. Financial Constraint: Insufficient fund tends to impede the efficiency of the researcher in sourcing for the relevant materials, literature or information and in the process of data collection (internet, questionnaire and interview).
…

CHAPTER TWO

2.0 Literature Review

2.1 Introduction

This chapter focuses on the review of related literature. A literature review includes the current knowledge as well as theoretical and methodological contributions to a particular topic. It documents the state of the art with respect to the topic you are writing. It surveys the literature in the topic selected. In this research work the literature review includes the …

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