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Extraction and Characterization of Fatty Acid from Palm Oil
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Extraction and Characterization of Fatty Acid from Palm Oil

This page presents an excerpt of the available research material, including the Preliminary Pages, Table of Contents, Abstract, Chapters One to Five, and References. It provides a comprehensive overview of the study, enhancing readability and accessibility for students, and researchers seeking complete material on “Extraction and Characterization of Fatty Acid from Palm Oil”.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I am profoundly grateful to everyone who contributed to the successful completion of this project. I am especially grateful to my Supervisor (Name), the Head of Department (Name), and the Lecturers in the Department of Science Laboratory Technology (SLT) for their invaluable guidance and support. I also acknowledge the contributions of authors and scholars whose works on Extraction and Characterization of Fatty Acid from Palm Oil provided essential insights. Special thanks go to my study area (and any funding organizations, if applicable) for their financial assistance. I am equally thankful to stakeholders, including mentors, teachers, and colleagues, for their encouragement and support. Finally, I deeply appreciate my family and friends for their patience and unwavering support throughout this journey. Your contributions have been instrumental in making this research a reality.



ABSTRACT

The extraction and proximate analysis of fatty acids was carried out in this study using soxhlet extractor. Palm oil is currently the largest edible oil in terms of global production and it is a largest single oil that is exported. It contain 50% saturated and 50% unsaturated fatty acids. The. Fatty acid that is present in palm oil can be extracted using soxhlet extractor. The solvent used here is hexane. Fatty acid other hand is a carboxylic acid with unbranched aliphatic tail. Fatty acid are either saturate. Fatty acids are produced by the hydrolysis of the ester linkages in a fat or oil. (both of which are triglycerides) with the removal of glycol. Fatty acids are of four types, unsaturated fatty acid, saturated during the characterization, the percentage yield was calculated to be 22.86% and also characteristic test was conducted to confirm the fatty acid, it tuned blue litmus paper red. Acid value also determine. And PH value was equally obtained to be 4.75.


CHAPTER ONE

1.0 Introduction

Palm oil that has been staple in the human diet for more than 50 years, has been thrust into fore front because of its health related benefit. Palm oil is currently the second largest edible oil in term of global production. And largest single oil that is exported. (website).

Palm oil contain about 50% saturated and 80% unsaturated fatty acids. Some of the fatty acids may be attached to another molecules as in phospholipids which others may be seen as in free fatty acids ie they are not attached to other molecules or compounds (website).

This fatty acid present in palm oil can be extracted using soxhlet extractor. The solvent used here is hexane (Allen 1989).

1.1 Aim / Objectives

This work is aimed at extracting the fatty acid present in palm oil. This is done with soxhlet extractor and Hexane are used as the solvent.

1.2 Statements of Problem

Palm oil contain fatty acid which are basis of interference in fats and hence constitute a problem which may result in rancidity of palm oil.

1.3 Limitations

In this study, extraction of fatty acid is limited to saponifiable palm oil. Due to lack of standards, different or individual fatty acids are not identified. The soxhlet attraction. Method wastes a lot of time and energy. Though good quality of fatty acids are produced it cannot be applied in the industry.

1.4 Hypothesis

Palm oil contains fatty acids which are either saturated or unsaturated. These fatty acids can also be extracted from palm oil this basis of this study.

…

CHAPTER TWO

LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1 Introduction

This chapter focuses on the review of related literature. A literature review includes the current knowledge as well as theoretical and methodological contributions to a particular topic. It documents the state of the art with respect to the topic you are writing. It surveys the literature in the topic selected. In this research work the literature review includes the conceputal review, theoretical framework, the review of related literature …

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