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Grain Yield and Yield Components of Early Maize Zea Mays L Varieties Under Different Populations At Benin City in the Nigerian Rainforest

Grain Yield and Yield Components of Early Maize (Zea Mays L.) Varieties Under Different Populations At Benin City in the Nigerian Rainforest

Project / Seminar Material
Reference ID: PS-6450-TM

DEDICATION

This research material titled “Grain Yield and Yield Components of Early Maize (Zea Mays L.) Varieties Under Different Populations At Benin City in the Nigerian Rainforest” is dedicated to God for his enabling grace, and to all computer enthusiasts who contributed to make life a pleasant experience during my research documentation.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I extend my sincere gratitude to all those who contributed to the completion of this project. Special thanks to my Supervisor (Name of your Supervisor), the Head of Department (Name of your HOD), the Lecturers in the department of Agricultural Engineering (AE), Book Authors and Profound Scholars of existing or related project material on “Grain Yield and Yield Components of Early Maize (Zea Mays L.) Varieties Under Different Populations At Benin City in the Nigerian Rainforest” for their invaluable guidance, support, and expertise throughout the journey.

I am also grateful to your study area (mention any funding organizations, if applicable) for their financial assistance. This research would not have been possible without the encouragement and assistance of some stakeholders (mention any mentors, teachers, or colleagues). Additionally, I would like to acknowledge the understanding and patience of my family and friends during this endeavor. Your unwavering support has been a constant source of motivation. Thank you all for being part of this meaningful endeavor.

ABSTRACT

This study was carried out at the Research Farm of the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Benin to investigate the effect of different population levels on growth and yield of extra-early and early maturing maize varieties. The trial was laid out in a split-plot factorial in a randomized complete block design with three replicates. Plant population: 40,000, 53,333 and 66,666 plants ha-1 and variety: TZEE-Y, TZEE 2004, TZEE 2009, 99 EVDT were used. The characters evaluated include days to tasselling, days to silking, anthesis − silking interval, total dry matter, number of grains, harvest index, seed weight, grain yield, stover yield. The result obtained showed that these characters except grain yield were significantly influenced by plant population and maize variety. Grain yield was significantly influenced by interaction .The study showed that TZEE-Y was best for grain production with better performance at 66,666 plants ha-1 and may be cultivated in the Nigerian rainforest.


Grain Yield and Yield Components of Early Maize (Zea Mays L.) Varieties Under Different Populations At Benin City in the Nigerian Rainforest

CHAPTER ONE


Introduction

Maize (Zea may L.) is the most important cereal crop widely grown in sub-Sahara Africa; it has the ability to thrive in different ecological environments (IITA, 2008, FAO, 1966). It is also known as Indian corn in some countries, is an annual, short day, cross pollinated crop belonging to the family Poaceae, genus Zea and tribe Maydeae. The world total hectarage under maize is put at about 118million hectares out of which about 19 million hectares are located in Africa (IITA, 1980). In Africa, the total annual production is about 25 million tonnes which represented 6% of the total world production (Hartmans,1985). T he total production of maize in Nigeria averaged 9.3 million tonnes in 2012 from 9.2 million tonnes in 2011 (USDA GAIN, 2012). According to FAO (2007), Africa harvests up to 29 million hectares of maize, with Nigeria being the largest producer in the Sub-Sahara Africa, harvesting 3%.

It is now a staple food in Nigeria and now gradually competes with well-established, major cereal crops including sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) and millet (Panicum miliaceum L.). Global production of maize exceeded 400 million tonnes per year, compared to almost 500 million tonnes of wheat and just less than 400 million tonnes of rice ( Ristanovic, 2005).

A plant population of 53,333 plants ha-1 with a spacing of 75cm by 25cm and a seed rate of 25-35kg ha-1 was recommended by (Lucas, I. A. and Remison S. U. 1982). Large ear size is widely accepted and readily sought after than the small ear size. However, late maturing maize varieties are mainly grown in the humid rainforest where there is abundant rainfall that encourages two planting seasons in a year. Therefore, growing of extra early and early maize varieties in the humid rainforest has the potential to increase the number of production cycles per year, resulting in total reduction of food insecurity and hunger in the region.

Thus, this study was initiated with the objective to determine the optimum plant population that will give the best agronomic response in four maize varieties (TZEE-Y, TZEE-2004, 99EVDT, TZEE-2009).

CHAPTER TWO

2.0 Literature Review

2.1 Introduction

This chapter focuses on the review of related literature. A literature review includes the current knowledge as well as theoretical and methodological contributions to a particular topic. It documents the state of the art with respect to the topic you are writing. It surveys the literature in the topic selected. In this research work the literature review includes the …

Summary Headlines for Grain Yield and Yield Components of Early Maize (Zea Mays L.) Varieties Under Different Populations At Benin City in the Nigerian Rainforest



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