Hooliganism Gangsterism and Students Academic Performance in Senior Secondary Schools

Hooliganism / Gangsterism and Students' Academic Performance in Senior Secondary Schools

Project / Seminar Material
Reference ID: PS-9858-TM

DEDICATION

This research material titled “Hooliganism / Gangsterism and Students' Academic Performance in Senior Secondary Schools” is dedicated to God for his enabling grace, and to all computer enthusiasts who contributed to make life a pleasant experience during my research documentation.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I extend my sincere gratitude to all those who contributed to the completion of this project. Special thanks to my Supervisor (Name of your Supervisor), the Head of Department (Name of your HOD), the Lecturers in the department of Education, Book Authors and Profound Scholars of existing or related project material on “Hooliganism / Gangsterism and Students' Academic Performance in Senior Secondary Schools” for their invaluable guidance, support, and expertise throughout the journey.

I am also grateful to your study area (mention any funding organizations, if applicable) for their financial assistance. This research would not have been possible without the encouragement and assistance of some stakeholders (mention any mentors, teachers, or colleagues). Additionally, I would like to acknowledge the understanding and patience of my family and friends during this endeavor. Your unwavering support has been a constant source of motivation. Thank you all for being part of this meaningful endeavor.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PRELIMINARY PAGES

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

    CHAPTER TWO

    LITERATURE REVIEW

    • 2.1 Introduction
    • 2.2 Conceptual Review
    • 2.3 Theoretical Framework
    • ⋮
    • 2.4 Empirical Studies

    CHAPTER THREE

    RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

    • 3.1 Introduction
    • 3.2 Research Design
    • 3.3 Population of Study
    • 3.4 Sampling and Sampling Technique
    • 3.5 Validation of Research Instrument
    • 3.6 Method of Data Collection
    • 3.7 Method of Data Analysis
    • 3.8 Questionnaire Administration
    • 3.9 Ethical Consideration
    • 3.10 Statistical Analysis

    CHAPTER FOUR

    DATA ANALYSIS, RESULT AND DISCUSSION

    • 4.1 Introduction
    • 4.2 Presentation and Analysis of Data
    • 4.3 Re-statement of Research Questions
    • 4.4 Test of Hypotheses
    • 4.5 Discussion of Findings

    CHAPTER FIVE

    SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

    • 5.1 Introduction
    • 5.2 Summary of Findings
    • 5.3 Conclusion
    • 5.4 Recommendation
    • 5.5 Suggestion for Further Study

    REFERENCES

    APPENDIX A - “QUESTIONNAIRE”

    ABSTRACT

    The study was carried out to investigate the influence of gangster activity on the academic performance and well-being of students in secondary schools. Investigation revealed that gangster activity in and around schools often leads to increased absenteeism, disciplinary issues, and decreased academic engagement among students. The research design used in this report is descriptive design, utilizing questionnaire method to obtain information from the respondents for this project. A total of 150 (one hundred and fifty) respondents were selected for this study to represent the entire population of the study. Primary data were collected from the primary source which questionnaire was used as an instrument of data collection while secondary data were sources from textbooks, journals, newspapers and the internet were employed. The data were presented on a frequency distribution table and analyzed using simple percentage, while hypothesis was tested using chi-square test. The outcome of this research shows that community leaders can use research findings to mobilize resources and foster partnerships that address underlying social issues contributing to gang presence, promoting community resilience and youth development. Also, collaborative efforts informed by research can improve coordination between law enforcement agencies, social services, and schools to implement effective prevention and intervention strategies. Based on the findings, it was recommended that schools should implement comprehensive safety protocols that include regular risk assessments, emergency response plans, and partnerships with law enforcement to ensure a secure learning environment for students and staff. Also, policymakers should allocate resources for targeted interventions aimed at reducing gangster activity in communities.

    Hooliganism / Gangsterism and Students’ Academic Performance in Senior Secondary Schools

    CHAPTER ONE

    1.0 Introduction

    1.1 Background of Study

    In recent years, the influence of gangster activity on the academic performance of senior secondary school students has become a growing concern. Gangs, often associated with violence, drug trafficking, and other criminal activities, can significantly disrupt the educational environment. This disruption may manifest in various ways, including increased absenteeism, decreased focus on studies, and heightened stress and anxiety among students. Research indicates that exposure to gang-related violence and pressures can lead to decreased academic achievement and engagement among students. Moreover, the presence of gangs in or around school premises can create an atmosphere of fear and insecurity, further affecting students' ability to concentrate and succeed academically.

    The influence of gangster activity on educational outcomes is a critical issue that affects not only individual students but also the broader society. In senior secondary school-he local community surrounding secondary schools; and

    • To propose recommendations for interventions and policies aimed at mitigating the negative effects of gangster activity on student performance and promoting a safe learning environment.

    1.4 Research Questions

    The study came up with research questions so as to be able to ascertain the above stated objectives. The specific research questions for the study are stated below as follows:

    • Are there factors contributing to the persistence of gangster activity in educational settings, and how do they impact school climate?
    • How does the presence of gangster activity in the community surrounding secondary schools affect student attendance rates?
    • What are the academic performance differences between students exposed to gangster activity and those in gang-free environments?
    • How do perceptions of safety and security among students vary in schools with and without gangster activity?
    • What are the psychological effects of exposure to gang violence and intimidation on students' academic engagement and well-being?

    1.5 Research Hypothesis

    In order to pursue the objective of this study, the following generalized statements have been designed to guide and aids in obtaining the result for the experiment to be conducted. For this work, the null hypothesis will be represented with H0 while the alternative hypothesis will be represented with hypothesis H1.

    Hypothesis One

    • H0: Students attending schools in areas with higher levels of gangster activity will not exhibit lower attendance rates compared to students in safer environments
    • H1: Students attending schools in areas with higher levels of gangster activity will exhibit lower attendance rates compared to students in safer environments

    Hypothesis Two

    • H0: There not will be a significant difference in standardized test scores between students exposed to gangster activity and those not exposed.
    • H1: There will be a significant difference in standardized test scores between students exposed to gangster activity and those not exposed.

    1.6 Significance of Study

    The significance points based on stakeholders for studying the impact of gangster activity on student performance are stated as follows:

    1. Educators: Understanding how gangster activity affects student performance can help educators tailor support services, interventions, and educational strategies to mitigate negative impacts on academic achievement and school climate.
    2. Policymakers: Insights into the impact of gangster activity can inform the development of policies aimed at enhancing school safety, reducing violence, and promoting educational equity across diverse communities.
    3. Parents and Families: Awareness of the influence of gang activity on student performance empowers parents and families to advocate for safer school environments and support their children's academic success and well-being.
    4. Community Leaders: Community leaders can use research findings to mobilize resources and foster partnerships that address underlying social issues contributing to gang presence, promoting community resilience and youth development.
    5. Law Enforcement and Social Services: Collaborative efforts informed by research can improve coordination between law enforcement agencies, social services, and schools to implement effective prevention and intervention strategies, thereby enhancing overall community safety and well-being.

    1.7 Scope of Study

    The scope of this research is focused on Gangsterism and Students Performance in Senior Secondary School using some selected secondary schools in Balanga Local Government Area of Gombe State as a case study.

    1.8 Limitations of the Study

    During the course of this study, many things militated against its completion, some of which are:

    1. Time Constraint: The time frame given to accomplish this project was very short due to school academic calendar and it was carried out under pressure which made the researcher not to implement some necessary features.
    2. Financial Constraint: Insufficient fund tends to impede the efficiency of the researcher in sourcing for the relevant materials, literature or information and in the process of data collection (internet, questionnaire and interview).

    1.9 Definition of Terms

    Gangster Activity:

    For the purpose of this study, gangster activity refers to organized criminal behavior typically associated with street gangs, including but not limited to violence, drug trafficking, intimidation, and other illegal activities within the community and school environment (Smith, 2018).

    Student Performance:

    Student performance encompasses various academic outcomes such as grades, standardized test scores, attendance rates, and behavioral indicators relevant to academic success and engagement within the school setting (Jones & Brown, 2019).

    Academic Disruption:

    Academic disruption refers to the negative impact of external factors, including gangster activity, on the learning environment and students' ability to participate effectively in educational activities (Williams et al., 2020).

    Psychological Effects:

    The psychological effects include emotional responses such as stress, anxiety, fear, and trauma experienced by students due to exposure to gangster activity and related violence (Garcia & Martinez, 2021).

    Safety Perception:

    Safety perception refers to students' subjective feelings of security and safety within their school environment, influenced by the presence or threat of gangster activity (Robinson, 2017).

    …

    CHAPTER TWO

    2.0 Literature Review

    2.1 Introduction

    This chapter focuses on the review of related literature. A literature review includes the current knowledge as well as theoretical and methodological contributions to a particular topic. It documents the state of the art with respect to the topic you are writing. It surveys the literature in the topic selected. In this research work the literature review includes the …

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