Methagenomic Identification of Methanogens Isolated from the Soil on Onion Plant

Methagenomic Identification of Methanogens Isolated from the Soil on Onion Plant

Project / Seminar Material
Reference ID: PS-24003-TM

DEDICATION

This research material titled “Methagenomic Identification of Methanogens Isolated from the Soil on Onion Plant” is dedicated to God for his enabling grace, and to all computer enthusiasts who contributed to make life a pleasant experience during my research documentation.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I extend my sincere gratitude to all those who contributed to the completion of this project. Special thanks to my Supervisor (Name of your Supervisor), the Head of Department (Name of your HOD), the Lecturers in the department of Microbiology, Book Authors and Profound Scholars of existing or related project material on “Methagenomic Identification of Methanogens Isolated from the Soil on Onion Plant” for their invaluable guidance, support, and expertise throughout the journey.

I am also grateful to your study area (mention any funding organizations, if applicable) for their financial assistance. This research would not have been possible without the encouragement and assistance of some stakeholders (mention any mentors, teachers, or colleagues). Additionally, I would like to acknowledge the understanding and patience of my family and friends during this endeavor. Your unwavering support has been a constant source of motivation. Thank you all for being part of this meaningful endeavor.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PRELIMINARY PAGES

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

    CHAPTER TWO

    LITERATURE REVIEW

    • 2.1 Introduction
    • ⋮

    CHAPTER THREE

    MATERIALS AND METHODS

    • 3.1 Introduction
    • ⋮

    CHAPTER FOUR

    RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

    • 4.1 Introduction
    • 4.2 Results
    • ⋮
    • 4.3 Discussion of Findings

    CHAPTER FIVE

    SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

    • 5.1 Introduction
    • 5.2 Summary
    • 5.3 Conclusion
    • 5.4 Recommendation

    REFERENCES

    ABSTRACT

    The study determines the Methagenomic Identification of Methanogens Isolated from the Soil on Onion Plant in Gada Local Government Area Sokoto State Nigeria. In achieving this aim, the following specific objectives were laid out to identify the methanogens isolated from the Soil on Onion Plant, identify the best performing onion genotype with good storage under field and room conditions, examine the prevalence of Nematode Species in Onion Farms, and find out how methanogens in Onion Farms is distributed in Gada Local Government Area Sokoto State Nigeria. Data used in this work is derived primary from secondary sources. The methodology therefore, is basically documentary in nature. This involves learning new facts and principles through the study of documents and records. The documents and records include journals, textbooks, official publications etc. By putting together logically evidence derived from documents and records. Conclusion which either established facts hitherto unknown or sound generalization can be obtained. This study will be of immense benefit to researchers who intend to know more on this study and can also be used by non-researchers to build more on their research work. This study contributes to knowledge and could serve as a guide for other study.

    Methagenomic Identification of Methanogens Isolated from the Soil on Onion Plant

    CHAPTER ONE

    1.1 Introduction

    Onion (Allium cepa L.) is one of the important vegetable crops grown globally, which belongs to the family Liliaceae. It is subdivided into three groups: Allium cepa, Allium aggregation, Allium prolilum, which are all diploids (Boukary, 2012). The crop is a biennial herb which originated from Central Asia with centers of diversity in Afghanistan, Iran and Pakistan. The crop is currently cultivated worldwide with other secondary centers of diversity identified over time (Brewster, 2008). Onion is ranked 4th among the most consumed vegetables after tomato, cabbage and watermelon with a global annual production of 2 million tonnes (Abdelkader et al., 2014).

    As a prelude to other parts of this study, this chapter will discuss the background upon which this study was initiated, the statement of problems that led to this study, the Aim and Objectives of the study. Others are Significance of the study, Scope of work, Research hypothesis and questions, Limitations of the Study and Definition of technical terms.

    1.2 Background of Study

    Onions are grown primarily for their use as food, adding flavors to food and taste (Megersa, 2017). The crop is also used for processing such as pickling, freezing, dehydration and oil extraction. Young and healthy green onion leaves with their white bases are eaten raw in salads. In addition to consumption, onions are produced for medicinal purposes such as prevention and treatment of blood and heart diseases (Cheema et al., 2003). The crop is also a rich source of Vitamin C and E (Elassi, 2007) and in Uganda, onions contribute to household income especially in highland areas where they are grown purposely for sale (Bua et al., 2017). In India, onion is being grown in an area of 0.83 million hectares with production of 13.57 million tonnes and the productivity is 16.30 ton ha-1 which is low. Maharashtra is the leading onion producing state followed by Karnataka, Gujarat etc (FAO et al., 2018).

    In peri-urban areas of central Uganda, onion is becoming a major spice and vegetable produced by farmers in wetland areas. Consequently, strong help for smallholder producers to achieve potential yields to boost their income and secure their livelihood by providing high yielding and adapted onion genotype is critical. However, the present challenge in most onion growing areas is lack of well-adapted onion genotypes. As a result, varietal information to improve onion yield in production areas is inadequate. Additionally, research has not established a breeding program to develop improved varieties or even evaluated existing onion genotypes imported from outside Uganda to guide growers in selecting best yielding onion varieties to use. Evaluation of onion genotypes for their yield performance is considered as one approach to use in obtaining high yielding and adapted onion genotype.

    Therefore, in Gada Local Government Area Sokoto State Nigeria where the research was carried out, the activities that was conducted is to know the Methagenomic Identification of Methanogens Isolated from the Soil on Onion Plant.

    …

    CHAPTER TWO

    2.0 Literature Review

    2.1 Introduction

    This chapter focuses on the review of related literature. A literature review includes the current knowledge as well as theoretical and methodological contributions to a particular topic. It documents the state of the art with respect to the topic you are writing. It surveys the literature in the topic selected. In this research work the literature review includes the …

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