1.0 Introduction
This introduction expresses I.B.MS view point about the foundation essential of portfolio management and also discuss uses ideal and assets that support and enable effective portfolio management practices. A good way to begin understanding is what portfolio management is (and is not) may be define the term portfolio.
In business contexts, we can look to the mutual fund industry to explain terms origins, and form it you can build the portfolio by buying additional stocks, bonds, mutual funds or other investments, your goal is to increase the portfolio value by selecting investments that will go up in price.
By modern portfolio theory you can reduce your investment risk by creating a diversified portfolio that includes enough different types so that the may produce strong returns in any economic.
The explanation above contains a number of important ideals. A portfolio contain many investment vehicles owning a portfolio involves making choices, that is deciding what additional stocks, bonds or other financial instrument to buy, when to buy , what and when to sell.
This is also refers to the practice of managing and entire group or major subset of software applications within a portfolio. Portfolio management is the management of various financial assets, which comprise the portfolio.
1.1 Background of the Study
The diamond bank portfolio management represents a classical management of its assets. The risk inherent in investment yield in efficient portfolio management which is very casual because if our investors contribute to our econmy, they have make devour from a very risk portfolio with low return and make casual inquires about portolio through conversion with brokers, reading annual report of cooperate entities, in addition to sanitizing the financial publications pages.
For maximum return and minimum risk of the overall portfolio as well as the link between two or more investment diversification because of the tangent of investors.
This work also examines the real denotation of portfolio management in Nigeria banking sector and gives a deserving book into evolution of portfolio theory and its contribution towards investor's efficient choice of portfolio.
The word portfolio as a collection securities and investment like stock, shares, bonds, etc owned by an individual or a bank and other corporate or non corporate organization, which portfolio management is the art of controlling, directing, planning, organizing and co coordinating securities and investment such as (shares, stock , bonds etc) owned a bank, an individuals co operate and non co operate and non organization with the aim of making profit.
The securities can be grouped into two categories, such as the fixed income securities and variable income securities.
The fixed income securities are debt instruments, like commercial papers, bonds, certificate of deposit while the variable income securities are shares, ordinary shares, and preference shares.
1.2 Statement of the Problem
Recent years have witnessed a heightened interest in portfolio management, not only in the technical community, but in the CEO'S office as well. Despite its growing popularity, recent bench making studies have identified portfolio management as the weakest area in product innovation management.
Management teams confess that there are rarely serious Go/kill decision points and more specifically, no criteria for making the Go/kill decision, as a result of these, banks are facing too many projects for the limited resources available.
1.3 Objectives of the Study
The objectives or purpose of this study is to empirically examine the portfolio management in Nigeria Banking Sector (DIAMONDS BANKS).
To achieve this study is through the following process.
- To draw a comprehensive comparison of the portfolio management of Nigeria Banks.
- To find our portfolio management practices of diamond bank, central banks of Nigeria credit guidelines and suggest ways of correcting any deviation.
- To examine the patterns and wealth maximization practices of diamond bank and attempt to suggest measure to alleviate identified problem.
- To form the investment strategy and select an investment mix to achieve the desired investment objective.
- To provide a balance portfolio which not only can hedge against the inflation but can also optimize returns with the associated degree of risk.
- To make timely buying and selling of securities.
- To maximize the after tax return by investing in various taxes saving investment instruments projects form.
1.4 Research Questions
In order to ensure that the purpose of this study is achieved, the following research questions have been drawn to guide this research work.
- Do Diamond bank have special investment portfolio?
- How do diamond banks manage their investment portfolio?
- What are the factors take into consideration by diamond banks in appraising a loan?
- What are there functions of the investment department of zenith banks?
1.5 Significance of the Study
The banking industry has been and still regarded as the pivot of the nations economy. Banks are involved in mobilization of the economy and such funds portfolio are used for investment or used for reinvestment purpose.
1.6 Scope of the Study
This study is focused on the bank in Aba offices and was culmed to investigate portfolio management strategy in these banks and also to see whether it is any way influenced by the nature of operation of this banks and to determine if the influence is positive or negative in nature. As result any influenced that is capable of affecting the success of the bank deserves isolation and profit investigation.
1.7 Limitation of the Study
Base on the study the following are assumed:
- Lack of effective portfolio management.
- Financial crisis faced by some diamond bank in the country.
1.8 Definition of Terms
The use of some terms in this project work may create problem to some project who are not into their banking profession , hence there is need to give the operational definition of these technical terminologies of these words include:
Portfolio:
It can be define as flat case for carrying looses, papers, documents, and drawings etc. in order hands portfolio is refer to invest in a group of securities rather to invest in a single securities.
Management:
The control and making decision in a business or similar organization.
Bank:
It is an organization or a place that provides financial services, and where customers keeps their money for safety and it is paid out when needed by means of cheque or cash. And it is an institution , which deals with money and credit.
Investment:
The investing of money in the industry.
Organization:
An establishment where business activities are been carried out for gainful purposes.
Diamond:
A precious stone, causally colourless of great value and hardness.
Diamond Bank:
A bank owned and controlled by individual where customers kept their money for future purposes.
Industry:
The making or production of things in the factories.
Finance:
The money use or needed to support an activity , project work, companies, firms , and schools etc.
Security Analysis:
It is the initaial phase of portfolio management which involves in the evaluation and analysis of risk return features of individual securities.
Portfolio Analysis:
This is refers to as group of securities that are kept together as an investment investors that make investment in various securities to diversity the investment to make it risk averse.
Portfolio Selection:
During this phase portfolio is selected on the basis of input from previous phase portfolio analysis. But the main target of the portfolio selection is to build a portfolio that offer highest returns at a given risk. And portfolios that yield goods returns at a level of risk are called efficient portfolios.
Portfolio Revision:
It is a process of buying new securities and selling the existing securities.
Portfolio Evaluation:
It is the regular analysis and assessment of portfolio performances in terms of risk and return over a period of time.
