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Role of Maternal, Child and Environmental Factors on Patterns of Malaria Morbidity in Under-Fives in Abia State

Role of Maternal, Child and Environmental Factors on Patterns of Malaria Morbidity in Under-Fives in Abia State

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DEDICATION

This research material, titled “Role of Maternal, Child and Environmental Factors on Patterns of Malaria Morbidity in Under-Fives in Abia State” is dedicated to God for His boundless grace and guidance. It is also a tribute to all computer enthusiasts whose contributions made my research journey smoother and enriched my documentation process, making the experience truly fulfilling.



ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I am profoundly grateful to everyone who contributed to the successful completion of this project. I am especially grateful to my Supervisor (Name), the Head of Department (Name), and the Lecturers in the Department of Computer Science Education for their invaluable guidance and support. I also acknowledge the contributions of authors and scholars whose works on Role of Maternal, Child and Environmental Factors on Patterns of Malaria Morbidity in Under-Fives in Abia State provided essential insights. Special thanks go to my study area (and any funding organizations, if applicable) for their financial assistance. I am equally thankful to stakeholders, including mentors, teachers, and colleagues, for their encouragement and support. Finally, I deeply appreciate my family and friends for their patience and unwavering support throughout this journey. Your contributions have been instrumental in making this research a reality.



TABLE OF CONTENTS

PRELIMINARY PAGES

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

    CHAPTER TWO

    LITERATURE REVIEW

    • 2.1 Introduction
    • 2.2 Conceptual Review
    • 2.3 Theoretical Framework
    • ⋮
    • 2.4 Empirical Studies
    • 2.5 Research Gaps
    • 2.6 Summary of Literature Review

    CHAPTER THREE

    RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

    • 3.1 Introduction
    • 3.2 Research Design
    • 3.3 Population of Study
    • 3.4 Sampling and Sampling Technique
    • 3.5 Validation of Research Instrument
    • 3.6 Method of Data Collection
    • 3.7 Method of Data Analysis
    • 3.8 Questionnaire Administration
    • 3.9 Ethical Consideration
    • 3.10 Statistical Analysis

    CHAPTER FOUR

    DATA ANALYSIS, RESULT AND DISCUSSION

    • 4.1 Introduction
    • 4.2 Presentation and Analysis of Data
    • 4.3 Re-statement of Research Questions
    • 4.4 Test of Hypotheses
    • 4.5 Discussion of Findings

    CHAPTER FIVE

    SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

    • 5.1 Introduction
    • 5.2 Summary of Findings
    • 5.3 Conclusion
    • 5.4 Recommendation
    • 5.5 Suggestion for Further Study

    REFERENCES

    APPENDIX A - “QUESTIONNAIRE”


    ABSTRACT

    Malaria, a preventable disease, caused by a protozoan parasite, accounts for about 300-500 million clinical cases and two million deaths world-wide annually. Ninety per cent of this occurs in countries south of the Sahara. It is responsible for about 25% of all childhood mortality. It is estimated that at least 50% of the population will have at least one attack of malaria in a year. It is one of largest contributor to disease burden in Nigeria. There were two million cases of malaria in 2003, resulting in five thousand deaths, 43% of which were children below five years of age. It claims more lives than dreaded HIV/AIDS. Malaria has been associated with several risk factors, among which are socio- economic, socio-demographic and environmental factors.

    The purpose of this study is to determine the role of these factors in patterns of malaria morbidity in under fives. A cross-sectional study was carried out in four local governments of Abia state from April to June 2010. The study population included 578 children who met our inclusion criteria (age 0- 59 months, fever, vomiting, and lethargy in past 3 months). Structured questionnaire was used in data collection. Data analysis was done using SPSS 15.0 Chi-square test of independence interpreted at the level of significance (p<0.05) was used to test the null hypothesis of no relationship between dependent and independent variables.

    The prevalence of malaria in our study area is 43% The risk factors that showed statistically significant relationship are age (p<0.003), use of preventive measures against mosquitoes (p<0.001), location of residence, number of persons in a household (p<0.009), and type of toilet in use(p<0.010).Educational attainment did not show statistically significant relationship Malaria remains endemic in Abia state and by extension in Nigeria. The study revealed that the age of the child, the environment and the use of preventive measures against mosquitoes, determine the patterns of malaria morbidity in children below five years of age.


    Role of Maternal, Child and Environmental Factors on Patterns of Malaria Morbidity in Under-Fives in Abia State

    CHAPTER ONE

    1.1 Introduction

    … As a prelude to other parts of this study, this chapter will discuss the background upon which this study was initiated, the statement of problems that led to this study, the Aim and Objectives of the study. Others are Significance of the study, Scope of work, Research hypothesis and questions, Limitation of the study and Definition of technical terms.…

    CHAPTER TWO

    2.0 Literature Review

    2.1 Introduction

    This chapter focuses on the review of related literature. A literature review includes the current knowledge as well as theoretical and methodological contributions to a particular topic. It documents the state of the art with respect to the topic you are writing. It surveys the literature in the topic selected. In this research work the literature review includes the conceputal review, theoretical framework, the review of related literature …

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