The Use of Coconut Fibre as Standard PH Enhancer for Drilling Mud Formulation

The Use of Coconut Fibre as Standard PH Enhancer for Drilling Mud Formulation

Project / Seminar Material
Reference ID: PS-2422-TM

DEDICATION

This research material titled “The Use of Coconut Fibre as Standard PH Enhancer for Drilling Mud Formulation” is dedicated to God for his enabling grace, and to all computer enthusiasts who contributed to make life a pleasant experience during my research documentation.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I extend my sincere gratitude to all those who contributed to the completion of this project. Special thanks to my Supervisor (Name of your Supervisor), the Head of Department (Name of your HOD), the Lecturers in the department of Petroleum Engineering, Book Authors and Profound Scholars of existing or related project material on “The Use of Coconut Fibre as Standard PH Enhancer for Drilling Mud Formulation” for their invaluable guidance, support, and expertise throughout the journey.

I am also grateful to your study area (mention any funding organizations, if applicable) for their financial assistance. This research would not have been possible without the encouragement and assistance of some stakeholders (mention any mentors, teachers, or colleagues). Additionally, I would like to acknowledge the understanding and patience of my family and friends during this endeavor. Your unwavering support has been a constant source of motivation. Thank you all for being part of this meaningful endeavor.

The Use of Coconut Fibre as Standard PH Enhancer for Drilling Mud Formulation

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PRELIMINARY PAGES

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

  • 1.1 Introduction
  • 1.2 Drilling Fluid Classifications
  • 1.2.1 Pneumatic Fluids
  • 1.2.2 Oil-Based Fluids
  • 1.2.3 Water-Based Fluids
  • 1.2.4 Drilling Fluid Function and Performance
  • 1.2.5 Mud Circulating System
  • 1.5 Statement of Problem
  • 1.6 Aim and Objectives of Study
  • 1.7 Significance of Study
  • 1.8 Scope of Study
  • 1.9 Limitations of the Study

CHAPTER TWO

LITERATURE REVIEW

  • 2.1 Introduction
  • 2.2 Conceptual Review
  • 2.3 Viscosity
  • 2.3.1 Herschel-Burkley Model
  • 2.3.2 Review on Viscosity Field Measurements
  • 2.3.3 Viscosity Control Additives
  • 2.4 Yield Point
  • 2.5 Drilling Mud Density (Weight)
  • 2.5.1 Mud Weight Control Additives
  • 2.5.2 Drilling Fluid PH and Alkalinity
  • 2.5.3 Factors Affecting Mud Properties
  • 2.6 Reviews on Coconut Fibre

CHAPTER THREE

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

  • 3.1 Introduction
  • 3.2 Experimental Procedure
  • 3.3 Methodology
  • 3.4 Materials
  • 3.5 Equipment and Apparatus Used
  • 3.6 Preparation of Mud Sample
  • 3.7 Preparation of Molar Concentration Solution from Burnt Coconut Fibre
  • 3.6. Formulation of a Standard Drilling Mud
  • 3.7 Experimental Setup
  • 3.7.1 Measuring PH of drilling fluids
  • 3.7.2 Determination of mud density
  • 3.7.3 Determination of Rheological properties
  • 3.7.3.1 Viscosity
  • 3.7.3.2 The Plastic Viscosity
  • 3.7.3.3 The Yield Point
  • 3.7.3.4 Apparent Viscosity
  • 3.7.3.5 Gel Strength

CHAPTER FOUR

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

  • 4.1 Introduction
  • 4.2 Results
  • 4.3 Result Analysis
  • 4.3.1 Economic Justification
  • 4.3 Discussion of Findings

CHAPTER FIVE

SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

  • 5.1 Introduction
  • 5.2 Summary of Findings
  • 5.3 Conclusion
  • 5.4 Recommendation

REFERENCES

ABSTRACT

The study was conducted to investigate the suitability of locally sourced materials as pH enhancer in drilling mud program. In the present day oil and gas industry, the chemicals used as pH controller are usually imported at an exorbitant price - which take a large part of the drilling cost and have ripple effect on the economy of the Nation. It is however necessary to source for an alternative by the use of local materials so as to enhance cost effectiveness. A high pH is desirable to suppress corrosion rate, hydrogen embrittlement and the solubility of Ca2+ and Mg2+ which makes up clay. In addition, the high pH is a favorable environment for many of the organic viscosity control additives. For years this additives use to help maintain this property are imported and this contribute to high cost of drilling and which adversely affect the economy.

In order to minimize this cost and maximize profit ,the locally made additives is been investigated to supplement the imported .Burnt coconut fiber is used as a pH enhancer because it is environmentally friendly in that it is degradable and has no adverse effect on the formation properties. Nevertheless, the result from the experiment conducted in this study revealed that; the local additives imparted significant pH unit of 13.0 in the drilling mud when compared to the foreign addictive such as sodium hydroxide which gave 13.8. This research work was based on the use of Local Nigeria Materials as an alternative substitute to mud pH control or additives using burnt coconut husk. The success of this research would be useful in the formulation of drilling mud with local materials at a reduced cost. Based on the findings, it is recommended that since the local additives imparted almost the same as the foreign additives, it can therefore be used in place of the foreign additives as pH control agent in drilling mud.

The Use of Coconut Fibre as Standard PH Enhancer for Drilling Mud Formulation

CHAPTER ONE

1.1 Introduction

… As a prelude to other parts of this study, this chapter will discuss the background upon which this study was initiated, the statement of problems that led to this study, the Aim and Objectives of the study. Others are Significance of the study, Scope of work, Research hypothesis and questions, Limitation of the study and Definition of technical terms.

…

CHAPTER TWO

2.0 Literature Review

2.1 Introduction

This chapter focuses on the review of related literature. A literature review includes the current knowledge as well as theoretical and methodological contributions to a particular topic. It documents the state of the art with respect to the topic you are writing. It surveys the literature in the topic selected. In this research work the literature review includes the …

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