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An Investigation Into the Spoilage of Some Selected Fruits of Eastern Nigerian (Pawpaw, Banana, Orange)

An Investigation Into the Spoilage of Some Selected Fruits of Eastern Nigerian (Pawpaw, Banana, Orange)

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DEDICATION

This research material, titled “An Investigation Into the Spoilage of Some Selected Fruits of Eastern Nigerian (Pawpaw, Banana, Orange)” is dedicated to God for His boundless grace and guidance. It is also a tribute to all computer enthusiasts whose contributions made my research journey smoother and enriched my documentation process, making the experience truly fulfilling.



ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I am profoundly grateful to everyone who contributed to the successful completion of this project. I am especially grateful to my Supervisor (Name), the Head of Department (Name), and the Lecturers in the Department of Science Laboratory Technology (SLT) for their invaluable guidance and support. I also acknowledge the contributions of authors and scholars whose works on An Investigation Into the Spoilage of Some Selected Fruits of Eastern Nigerian (Pawpaw, Banana, Orange) provided essential insights. Special thanks go to my study area (and any funding organizations, if applicable) for their financial assistance. I am equally thankful to stakeholders, including mentors, teachers, and colleagues, for their encouragement and support. Finally, I deeply appreciate my family and friends for their patience and unwavering support throughout this journey. Your contributions have been instrumental in making this research a reality.



ABSTRACT

Microorganisms associated with spoilage of fruits were studied using standards microbiological methods. The analysis was done on banana, pawpaw and orange using various media (Nutrient, Mac conkey and Sabroud agar). It showed that E. Coli (28.6%) were the most predominant bacterial isolates associated with the spoilage of selected fruits, in Easter part of Nigeria. This was followed by Enterobacter Spp (21.4%), Staphylococcus aureus (14.3%), Ermwinia spp (14.3%) and Pseudomonas Spp (14 -3%) while Samonella Spp (7.1%) was the least predominant.

The fungi isolate obtained were Aspergillus Niger (25.0%), Aspergillus Fumigatus (37.5%) Rhizopus Stolonifer (37 — 5%) and A. niger to be the least predominant. No protozoa or viruses were found to be associated with the spoilage of selected fruits. The frequence occurrence show that the bacterial isolates were the most predominant (63.6%) than fungi isolates. The method used for the analysis were streaking plate method. The presence of indicator and other organisms examined in this study is of special concern and perhaps the greatest danger associated with food for human consumption is contaminated by human excrement. Therefore the need for microbial assessment of fruits before consumption is highly need.


An Investigation Into the Spoilage of Some Selected Fruits of Eastern Nigerian (Pawpaw, Banana, Orange)

CHAPTER ONE

1.1 Introduction

… As a prelude to other parts of this study, this chapter will discuss the background upon which this study was initiated, the statement of problems that led to this study, the Aim and Objectives of the study. Others are Significance of the study, Scope of work, Research hypothesis and questions, Limitation of the study and Definition of technical terms.…

CHAPTER TWO

2.0 Literature Review

2.1 Introduction

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