1.1 Introduction
Fish farming in Nigeria is becoming one of the most lucrative entrepreneurial activities due to the low technology, low cost deployment investment and the 3 to 6 month harvesting cycles. The possibility of utilizing artificial plastic containers, concrete ponds or excavated ponds provides an opportunity for entrepreneurs to participate at different levels. While some focus on the production of fingerlings, other focus on the breeding of the fingerlings to market sizes and a lot of other focus on either the sale of this fish or the smoking and selling of the fish to consumers (Auburn, 2021). The use of artificial ponds however introduces a number of challenges as the pond owners must monitor and manage the water quality, the changing of the water and the feeding and feeding cycles of the fish. These processes have very significant impact on the growth and wellbeing of the fish as the use of a contained water environment leads to the buildup of toxic chemicals such as ammonia (Hargreaves et al., 2004).
As a prelude to other parts of this study, this chapter will discuss the background upon which this study was initiated, the statement of problems that led to this study, the Aim and Objectives of the study. Others are Significance of the study, Scope of work, Limitations of the Study and Definition of technical terms.
1.2 Background of Study
Learning is one of the very vital human activities that require concentration blended with interactivity, clear and distinct understanding of the facts been stated or discussed, high communication skills and techniques, attractive learning qualities such as colorful pictorial presentations of information among others. Nevertheless, all not learning process is considered to be effective. Effective could be assumed to had been achieved if about hundred percent (100%), of the population lectured assimilate the knowledge and/or ideas across; this is quite different when the population size is very high and there is existences of certain un-conducive learning conditions such as noise, poor ventilation, and extreme temperatures. The progress made in the computer world through the development of sophisticated hardware, software, and other technologies could be employed for the remedy of the situation. Exploring the powerful capabilities of multimedia and implementing it on teaching and learning processes via the production of learning material and products such as e-book, computer assisted learning (CAI), computer aided instruction(CAT), computer based training(CBT), internet based training among others would go a long way towards improving the advancement of the practical and theoretical knowledge of the students. With high quality content value of the e-learning products and the captivating multimedia features embedded in them, a student can easily, assimilate such knowledge (even in the absence of a teacher and the required physical environment) through repetitive
Fisheries Resources Management is an initiative and strategies aimed at addressing the issue of how fish resources in a nation can be best shared between competing users within the broad context of ecologically sustainable development so that they can be managed on a sustainable basis (Davies et al, 2008). Hunger and malnutrition remain amongst the most devastating problems facing the world poor and needy. Nigeria is one of the developing countries affected by hunger, deprivation and abject poverty by its citizenry in spite of its enormous natural and human resources hence the need for proper fisheries resource management (Alamu et al, 2004). Nigeria is among the largest fish consumers in the world with over 1.5 million tons of fish consumed annually. Fish farming in Nigeria has it antecedents in the traditional African reciprocal, communal, technical, labour support/skills transfer system of about 10,000 years ago. Fish production from aquaculture accounted for about 96,000 metric tons in year 2000, while only 20,000 metric tons in 1994 (FAO, 2002). Integrated resource management involving fish is defined broadly as the concurrent or sequential linkage between two or more human activity system under proper regulation, of which at least one is aquaculture.
Furthermore, the linkages between aquaculture and human activities involve not only agriculture ( i.e. crops, livestock, irrigation dams canals) but also include roles in sanitation (night soil, septage or other forms of human excreta re-use, sewage treatment), nutrient recovery (hydroponic-fish, breweries) and energy recovery (culture in heated effluents of power plants, dairies, etc) (Prein, 2002). In contrast, theoreticians used to differentiate Integrated Fish resource management from mixed farming, in which production sub-systems of a farm are not mutually supportive and do not depend on each other. The principle of integrated resource management involves farming of fish along with livestock and agricultural crops. This type of farming offers great efficiency in resource utilization, as waste or by-product from one system is effectively recycled. It also enables effective utilization of available farming space for maximizing production. In Nigeria, Integrated fisheries resource management has been reported in many states of the federation in which 50% of fish farmers integrate, poultry, piggery or livestock with fish production, while integrated fish cum crop production is on the rise also in several states. According to FAO (2002) the essence of integrated management system is to increase the productivity of fish as to meet the challenges of food shortage and reducing the unemployment rate in Nigeria. Socio-economic conditions should be considered when developing integrated fisheries management systems.
1.3 Statement of Problems
Investigation revealed the problem of the Design and Implementation of Online Tutorial on Fish Farming and Production research work which are stated as follows:
- Deficiency of Technical Knowledge: Start output before knowing what operations options are available or how you can farm fish.
- Poor Investment Plan: Several farmers assume that to become commercial fish farmer one have to have several large ponds. Consequently, they construct many ponds at a time, which constrains their earnings. Because of this, some farmers require a while to start output or may only afford to get started production in one pond after all the investment.
- Don’t employ the right people: Entrepreneurs employ the right people who are qualified for a selected job. Hiring family members who have minimal desire to learn proper fish farming techniques is a liability because most people find it difficult to dismiss them even after they have become apparent that they are the real reason for the poor performance from the fish farm.
Fish pond resource management system produces high yields with low input, with the fish receiving limited, if any, supplementary feed. In contrast, the livestock on the integrated farms, which includes chickens and pigs, is reared intensively, and antimicrobial agents are used as growth promoters and for prophylactic and therapeutic treatment.
1.4 Aim and Objectives of Study
The main aim of the study is to Design and Implement an Online Tutorial on Fish Farming and Production System. In achieving this aim, the following specific objectives were laid out as follows to design and develop an application that will:
- Provide coherent instruction for the selected section of learning and media training on the selected section.
- Encouraging individual in different geo-graphical location who wish to start up a fish farming and production, but with no knowledge of it as it will bring to their door step a video tutorial on how to start it up.
- Enhancing the students practical knowledge and broaden their theoretical knowledge.
- Creating a more interacting way of learning process and overcoming most factors affecting effecting learning such as noise.
- Accommodation of learner’s unrestricted learning schedule as they can access it any time they wish.
1.5 Significance of Study
The following are the significance of this study:
- The findings from this study will educate on the processes involved in Fish Farming and Production system. It will also expatiate on the advantages and the disadvantages.
- This research will be a contribution to the body of literature in the area of the effect of personality trait on student's academic performance, thereby constituting the empirical literature for future research in the subject area.
1.6 Scope of the Study
This study focuses on the Design and Implementation of an Online Tutorial on Fish Farming and Production.
1.7 Limitations of the Study
During the course of this study, many things militated against its completion, some of which are:
- Time Constraint: The time frame given to accomplish this project was very short due to school academic calendar and it was carried out under pressure which made the researcher not to implement some necessary features.
- Research material: availability of research material is a major setback to the scope of the study.
- Frequent power failure: This made the researcher append more money on fuel to ensure sustainable power.
- Financial Constraint: Insufficient fund tends to impede the efficiency of the researcher in sourcing for the relevant materials, literature or information and in the process of data collection (internet).
1.8 Definition of Terms
Automation: The replacement of human workers by technology; A system in which a workplace or process has been converted to one that replaced or ministries human labour with electronic or mechanical equipment.
Admission: The process of accepting students for study at an institution.
Processing: To deal with somebody or something according to an established procedure.
System: Set of computer components which are an assembly of computer Hardware, Software and peripherals functioning together.
Computerized: Convert to computer - based system to install or start using a computer system to organize, control, or automate something.
Online: Connected via computer attached to or available via a central computer or computer network.
Offline: Disconnected from computer Network; Describes a computer terminal or peripheral device that is disconnected or is functioning separately from associated computer or computer network.
Web: A complex structure, or design www: computer-based network of information resources that combines text and multimedia. The information on the www can be accessing and search through the internet, a global computer network.
