1.0 Introduction
1.1 Background of the Study
Many years ago, employees being looked upon as mere tools lined for the sole aim of achieving the organizational goals. During that time, employees were given task to perform whether they were willing or not. The manager never realized that there were certain factors to be considered if a worker is expected to perform well in order to increase the productivity of the organization.
As time went by, the manager realized that for effective performance workers welfare, good working environment, wages incentives etc. will go a long way in raising the morale of the employee, thus enabling management to meet the organizational goals, and the employees to work ethically.
Thus poor work ethics of most of the workers are very common in most of the levels of government that exist in the country which is the federal government, State Government and finally the local Government on the government establishment such as Nigeria Telecommunication, Nigeria Airports Authority, National electricity power Authority which is now power holding company of Nigeria (PHCN) which shall form the basis of the research work. The commitment of most Nigerian workers to their work has frantically declined in the recent years compared to their attitude to work some years back.
This attitude of workers is such that they have set their own goals, which are in contradiction to the cooperation's objective. The workers go as far as connecting and he disconnecting people's meters illegally in an attempt to collect money from the attested customers into their own pockets which is not proper; without supplying the people with light, or rendering their services. Some sell companies equipment to individuals in attempt to make money, they also issue forged electricity bills to their client so as to collect the money when payment is made.
A critical appraisal of this work ethics will help reveal some factors behind it. Also effort will be made to find remedy to this bad behavior of workers to their work.
1.2 Statement of the Problem
It is certain that a satisfactory final out-put of work is as a result of the quality and quantity of work input by the staff or worker hence a bad workman, staff or worker will undoubtedly produce a bad work.
The behoiviour of Nigerians to their work has gone a long way in affecting the quality of their work. One may therefore be asked what reason could be responsible for this poor behaviour to work.
In most organization in Nigeria today, jobs are not secured, this insecurity leads to fear and anxiety, which often dampens workers morale, secondly, many Nigerians who do the actual work in most organizations are not well paid.
This can make the effective workers to be dissatisfied and consequently their performance would be affected. If this behavior is not well checked, it may wreck the entire organization and bring about how performance and productivity of a particular industry or organization as the case may be.
1.3 Objective of the Study
The major objective of this project is the impact of poor work ethics on organizational efficiency in public sector (PHCN). Also, this project is to define and analyzed the concept of behavior and its effect on the organization as a whole. It is also aimed at leaving these factors underlying human behavior factors that determined how people behave under certain condition in their place or work. And to reveal the factors that prevent the employee from doing his best.
Another objective of this study is to expose these workers or employees behavior that affect the productivity in the organization especially in government establishments. This study would be most beneficial to heads of organizations and workers in general (management or Directors). This study is also used (ND) in public Administration.
1.4 Research Questions
To guide the study, the researcher has formulated the following research questions;
What are the cause and effect of poor work ethics of workers in (PHCN)
Is there any incentives given to workers in order to make them behave ethically
What factors is militating against the effective performance of workers in PHCN companies
Can it be said that unfavourable environment factor are the reason why workers behave unethically
How can PHCN motivate their workers in order to make them behave ethically, improve their performance and efficiency
5.1 Significance of the Study
The wiliness of most Nigerian workers to do their works has drastically declined in the recent years. Today, most workers have set their own goals outside the organizational goals which are in contradiction to the corporations aim. The workers go as far as connecting and disconnecting people's meters illegally in an attempt to collect money form the affected customers into their own pockets instead of the firms. Based on the premise, the research work will be of immense theoretical and practical relevance.
a) To unveil those workers behavior that affects productivity in any organization especially in government establishment.
b) To outline those factors underlying human behaviour factors that determines how people behave or will behave on certain conditions.
1.6 Scope of the Study
For the purpose of this project research work, the study will be limited to appraising the bad behaviour to work of the Nigerian workers or employees by using the National electricity power Authority known as power Holding company of Nigeria (PHCN) as a case study.
Thus this study will be limited to uncovering the reasons for the corporation, the importance of motivations and leadership towards behaviour. Also employee or worker selection and placement will be appraised as well as finding solutions to these negative behaviour and ways to increase productivity at the power Holding company of Nigeria (PHCN) formally regarded as National Electricity power Authority (NEAP).
1.7 Limitation of the Study
The researcher encountered lot of problems in the cares of carrying this study effectively and efficiently, prominent among them are:
1. Non Disclosure of Information:
The uncooperative behaviour of most of the staff of National electricity power Authority now called power Holding company of Nigerian (PHCN) in respondent to some of our questions was a major draw back in the course of carrying out this research work.
2. Inadequate Finance:
The researcher being student and dependent on their older relations are greatly limited in their source of finance to apply from school to the organization under study in order to obtain relevant information needed. This was rather involved on roads in trying to get in touch with the staff or workers who sometimes, seemed not to be keeping appointment schedules.
3. Time:
Time contributed more to the problems. The researcher limited was shared between scrambling for information and other academic works. That entire problem not with standing, the researcher succeeded in getting information required for the study.
1.8 Definition of Term
Productivity:
In economics, is a term used to describe how well or how efficient an economy resource are used in the process of production. The extent to which a given economy reaches its full potential and extent to which it expands that potentials depends in part on this productivity.
Leadership:
Leadership is a managerial ability to accomplish group or organizational goals by working with and through people, and also a person who lead a group of people especially in an organization.
Selection:
It is the chosen of both the number of people who are competent among the group of people, who are capable of working in favorable conditions.
Motivation:
Charles ray and Charles Eison (1984) defined motivation as an internal organizer capable of directing behaviour in a particular direction, is also what keep an employee or worker in working process. Goy Deselan (1988) sees motivation as a drive which arouses ones behaviour in a particular way the person feels will lead to rewards.
Therefore, motivation could be defined as the inner stimulant that induces a person to behave the way he does.
