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Leadership and Corruption in Nigeria Local Government A Case Study of Orji River Local Government

Leadership and Corruption in Nigeria Local Government

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Reference ID: PS-2519-TM

DEDICATION

This research work titled "Leadership and Corruption in Nigeria Local Government (A Case Study of Orji River Local Government)" is dedicated to God for his enabling grace and to all computer enthusiasts who help to make life a pleasant experience.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I owe my indebtedness to my Supervisor (Name of your Supervisor), the Head of Department (Name of your HOD), the Lecturers in the department of Public Administration (PA), Book Authors and Profound Scholars of existing/related research material for your moral support that facilitated the successful completion of my (Tertiary Institution level). I am grateful to God Almighty and my parent for their financial support in my career. I really appreciate you all for everything, Thank you very much.


Leadership and Corruption in Nigeria Local Government (A Case Study of Orji River Local Government)

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PRELIMINARY PAGES


CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

  • 1.1 Introduction
  • 1.2 Background of Study
  • 1.3 Statement of Problems
  • 1.4 Aim and Objectives of Study
  • 1.5 Research Questions
  • 1.6 Research Hypothesis
  • 1.7 Significance of Study
  • 1.8 Scope of the Study
  • 1.9 Limitations of the Study
  • 1.10 Definition of Terms

CHAPTER TWO

LITERATURE REVIEW

  • 2.1 Introduction
  • 2.2 Conceptual Review
  • 2.3 Overview of Corruption and Poverty in Nigeria
  • 2.4 Nigeria’s Political godfathers
  • 2.5 Political Corruption and Consolidation Of Democracy
  • 2.6 Challenges to Democratic Consolidation in Nigeria
  • 2.7 Theoretical Framework
  • 2.7.1 Classification of Corruption
  • 2.7.2 Causes of Corruption in Nigeria
  • 2.8 Relationship between Corruption and Democratic Governance in Nigeria
  • 2.9 Effects of Corruption on Nigeria’s Democratic Governance
  • 2.10 Empirical Review of Other Relate Literature

REFERENCES

CHAPTER THREE

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

  • 3.1 Introduction
  • 3.2 Research Design
  • 3.3 Population of Study
  • 3.4 Sampling and Sampling Technique
  • 3.5 Validation of Research Instrument
  • 3.6 Method of Data Collection
  • 3.7 Method of Data Analysis
  • 3.8 Questionnaire
  • 3.8.1 Interview
  • 3.8.2 Key Informants Interview
  • 3.8.3 Observation
  • 3.9 Ethical Consideration
  • 3.10 Statistical Analysis

CHAPTER FOUR

DATA ANALYSIS, RESULT AND DISCUSSION

  • 4.1 Introduction
  • 4.2 Presentation and Analysis of Data
  • 4.3 Test of Hypothesis 1
  • 4.4 Discussion of Findings

CHAPTER FIVE

SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

  • 5.1 Introduction
  • 5.2 Summary of Findings
  • 5.3 Conclusion
  • 5.4 Recommendation

REFERENCES

APPENDIX A - “QUESTIONNAIRE”

ABSTRACT

The study was carried out to examine the Leadership and Corruption in Nigeria Local Government using Orji River Local Government as a case study. In achieving this aim, the following specific objectives were laid out to identify the areas of corruption and fine out the effect of corruption on the leadership of the local government council in Oji-River Local Government Council. The issue of corruption has remained ever present and continue to grow deep into the vitals of the Nigerian society, most especially as corruption has been ingrained into the fabrics of the Nigerian society cannot be solved overnight because the leaders as well as the followers are corrupt. In light of the above and in recognition of the damage done by the scourge, this work aims at instituting a critical enquiry into the issue of corruption and the nature of leadership in OJI- RIVER local Government. This research work will be significant to all the local government that operate within and outside this country, this is because the study will expose bad leadership and how corruption can lead to poor standard of living of the community. This research is divided into five chapters, which will be examined one after the other. Chapter one deals with the introduction of the study. Chapter two literatures Review and perception of eminent scholars and meaningful thinkers. Chapter three treated historical background of the case study Oji- River local Government methodology and data analysis of data analysis of data interpretation of result.


Leadership and Corruption in Nigeria Local Government (A Case Study of Orji River Local Government)

CHAPTER ONE

1.1 Introduction

Leadership is a process where one person extents social influence over the members of the group and a good leader is one who is capable of persuading others to move enthusiastically towards the achievement of group goals. Leadership and good governance are crucial to realizing any giant stride taken in pursuit of development anywhere in the world, Nigeria is not an exception. The reverberation effects of the failure of leadership, corruption and bad governance are visible and being felt across all sectors and segment of the Nigerian society (Ogundiya, 2006). Corruption has reached a level in Nigeria such that an average Nigerian citizen believes that there is an inextricable link between corruption and democracy.

As a prelude to other parts of this study, this chapter will discuss the background upon which this study was initiated, the statement of problems that led to this study, the Aim and Objectives of the study. Others are Significance of the study, Scope of work, Research hypothesis and questions, Limitations of the Study and Definition of technical terms.


1.2 Background of Study

Corruption has become the cankerworm of our society hence it has paralyzed virtually all the activities of the local government councils are now seen as the fulcrum of corruption and an avenue to swindle and direct public fund meant to carryout and execute meaningful development project to individual purse considering the non-performance by the local government administrations viz-a-viz the huge financial allocation given to the monthly.

For every local government to be active every stated goals and objective by ensuring the safety and provision of basic amenities to the community, there must be the existence of good leader and corruption should be eschewed. Furthermore, leadership and corruption has almost all our local government and the only way to stop this is for our leaders to abstain themselves from corruption practices or anything that will jeopardize their job.

In Oji River, their leadership rest on the arms of the local government chairman and councilors from different wards that make up the local government. However, local government is the last tier of the government that is nearest to the people. It is the level of government that is responsible for the local administration.

In this case of Oji River local government, this local government was created in the year 1976 by the federal military government of Nigeria as local governments under old Anambra State will successive military change of power and creation of state, Oji- River became a local government under Enugu State.

The communities that make up the local government Area as follows:

  1. Achi
  2. Inyi
  3. Ugwuoba
  4. Akpugeze
  5. Nachi
  6. Awlaw

The leadership of Oji–River local government area rest on the arm of the local government chairman and host of councilors representing different words and communities of the local government.

In Nigeria, local government system has been engulfed in corruption. Everybody seems not to be left behind in this dastardly act. According to oxford Advanced learners Dictionary of current English corruption means to decay, to be deplete, rot to waste away and to lose dignity and integrity it is a denial of justices, fairness and goodwill.

Local government which is the government at grassroots level is designed and established to provide essential services and development project to the wished of the local people, but these objective seem to have defeated, because of corruption of bother the leader and their suborder warm, called corruption has made it difficult and derived from the local government administration some local communities and families see local government council to be their oil wells and birth right, thus they divert the funs of the councils to their private use without being questioned. It has be proved beyond reasonable that militate against the effective performance of local government areas in Nigeria and Oji-River Local Government Area is not an exception. The effects of this corruption abounds, it breeds political intolerance between the leader (local government chairman and their councilors) and their subordinates (masses).

This therefore alienates the leaders from the entire public masses, thus give room for political intolerance, missus and aggression. In the same vein corruption depletes the human and material resources of the local government area and equally makes development and growth to be a night mare.

Corruption calls for embezzlement, bribery and avarice greed of leaders (officials) among other prevalent vices remains rampant in the local government areas, thus accounts for the glaring inadequacies of public utilities, under development of local communities, poverty and various cycle of retrogression that has pervades local government administration in Nigeria.

Therefore, in Orji River Local Government where the research was carried out, the activities that was conducted is to know the Leadership and Corruption in Nigeria Local Government.


1.3 Statement of Problems

Investigation revealed that local government are set for the purpose of brining government nearer to the people as well as provision of basic amenities to the community dwellers, others may includes cordial relationship between the community dwellers and nearby communities and to improve public perception. Several problem has been encountered by the Oji-River local Government in ENUGU State which were as follows:

  1. Inability of the leader to render useful services to the people of the local government has resulted to be bad leadership in Oji-River local government area.
  2. Corruption has become the order of the day as a result of bad leadership in Oji-River local government area.
  3. Bad leadership has resulted to lack of basic amenities in Oji- River local government area.

1.4 Aim and Objectives of Study

The aim of the study is to examine the Leadership and Corruption in Nigeria Local Government using Orji River Local Government as a case study. In achieving this aim, the following specific objectives were laid out as follows:

  1. To identify the areas of corruption in Oji-River Local Government Council.
  2. To determine the incident of corruption in the local government area.
  3. To identify the cause of corruption in that local government area.
  4. To fine out the effect of corruption on the leadership of the local government council under study.
  5. To suggest ways preventing corruption in Oji–River local government area.

1.5 Research Questions

The study came up with research questions so as to be able to ascertain the above stated objectives. The specific research questions for the study are stated below as follows:

  • Does corruption have a significant effect on leadership of the local government council under study?
  • Why are corrupt practices prevalent in the local government?
  • What has happen to leadership in the local government?
  • What are the efforts of the Oji-River Local Government towards eradicating corrupt practice in the local government?

It is believed that the above research question will help give a concrete insight to the deplorable political condition in the socio-economic and political realities of the Nigerian state.


1.6 Research Hypothesis

In order to pursue the objective of this study, the following generalized statements have been designed to guide and aids in obtaining the result for the experiment to be conducted. For this work, the null hypothesis will be represented with H0 while the alternative hypothesis will be represented with hypothesis H1.

Hypothesis One

  • H0: Corruption has no significant effect on leadership of the local government council in Orji River Local Government
  • H1: Corruption has a significant effect on leadership of the local government council in Orji River Local Government

1.7 Significance of Study

This research work will be very significant in so many ways. It is significance to all the local government that operate within and outside this country, this is because the study will expose bad leadership and how corruption can lead to poor standard of living of the community.

The study will also be relevant to the students who will like to make a research on the problems that are mostly involved in a research project. Generally, the study is very significant to the entire academic word; because it will add to the volume of existing knowledge and also serve as a reference to future research. It is also therefore hoped that the finding of this study will be of great benefit to all local government especially Oji-River local government.


1.8 Scope of Study

The scope of the research is focused on the Leadership and Corruption in Nigeria Local Government using Orji River Local Government as a case study. This study would have required extensive coverage of other local government in Enugu state but due to the financial and time constructs they were not done by the researcher.


1.9 Limitations of the Study

During the course of this study, many things militated against its completion, some of which are:

  1. Time Constraint: The time frame given to accomplish this project was very short due to school academic calendar and it was carried out under pressure which made the researcher not to implement some necessary features.
  2. Research material: availability of research material is a major setback to the scope of the study.
  3. Frequent power failure: This made the researcher append more money on fuel to ensure sustainable power.
  4. Financial Constraint: Insufficient fund tends to impede the efficiency of the researcher in sourcing for the relevant materials, literature or information and in the process of data collection (internet, questionnaire and interview).

1.10 Definition of Terms

Leadership: Can be defined as a process of social influence in which one person can enlist the aid and support of others in the accomplishment of a common task.

Community: Can be define as a group of people living within a specific geographic area, such as a village, a town, a city a nabour hood, a state, a nation as the global community.

Corruption: This refers to the abuse of public office for personal gain or illegal or immoral benefit. It is also a criminal offense along with bribery, extortion and embezzlement of public funds.

Local Government: Is the administrative body for a small geographic area, such as a city, town, country, or state, it also the representative councils established by law to exercise power within the defined areas.

Development: This is a change from one condition to a better condition, situation, also to make Léger or become more advance in physical, infrastructural and industrial concern of a person, organization or a state.

CHAPTER TWO

2.0 Literature Review

2.1 Introduction

This chapter focuses on the review of related literature. A literature review includes the current knowledge as well as theoretical and methodological contributions to a particular topic. It documents the state of the art with respect to the topic you are writing. It surveys the literature in the topic selected. In this research work the literature review includes the …

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