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Soil Physical Characteristics and the Effects on Gully Development

Soil Physical Characteristics and the Effects on Gully Development

Project / Seminar Material
Reference ID: PS-58-TM

DEDICATION

This research material titled “Soil Physical Characteristics and the Effects on Gully Development” is dedicated to God for his enabling grace, and to all computer enthusiasts who contributed to make life a pleasant experience during my research documentation.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I extend my sincere gratitude to all those who contributed to the completion of this project. Special thanks to my Supervisor (Name of your Supervisor), the Head of Department (Name of your HOD), the Lecturers in the department of Agricultural Engineering (AE), Book Authors and Profound Scholars of existing or related project material on “Soil Physical Characteristics and the Effects on Gully Development” for their invaluable guidance, support, and expertise throughout the journey.

I am also grateful to your study area (mention any funding organizations, if applicable) for their financial assistance. This research would not have been possible without the encouragement and assistance of some stakeholders (mention any mentors, teachers, or colleagues). Additionally, I would like to acknowledge the understanding and patience of my family and friends during this endeavor. Your unwavering support has been a constant source of motivation. Thank you all for being part of this meaningful endeavor.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PRELIMINARY PAGES


CHAPTER ONE

  1. 1.1 Introduction
  2. 1.2 Objective of the Study
  3. 1.3 Justification of Study

CHAPTER TWO

  • 2.0 Literature Review
  • 2.1 Soils physical Characteristics
  • 2.2 Erosion and types of Erosion
  • 2.3 Gully Erosion
  • 2.4 Effect of soil Physical Characteristics on the gully development.
  • 2.5 Effect of soil gully on the Environment
  • 2.6 Proposals for the Project

CHAPTER THREE

  • 3.0 Description of the Project Area
  • 3.1 Location
  • 3.2 Climatology
  • 3.3 Topography

CHAPTER FOUR

  • 4.0 Conclusion and Recommendation

REFERENCES


Soil Physical Characteristics and the Effects on Gully Development

CHAPTER ONE

1.1 Introduction

Soil Physical Characteristics And The Effects On Gully Development. Soil erosion is a naturally occurring process that affects all the land form. In agriculture soil erosion to as the wearing away of the fields top soil by the natural physical forces of water and wind. The activities associated with farming help particularly tillage. Erosion by water and wind involves three distinct actions:soil detachment transportation and deposition. Posen et al (1999) said that the soil erosion can be a slow process that continues relatively unnoticed or can occur at an alarming rate causing serious loss of top soil, soil compaction low organic matter and loss drainage.

Salinisation and soil acidity problems are other serious soil degradation conditions that can accelerate the soil erosion process. The physical characteristics of the soil such as structure of the soil, the permeability of soil the shear strength, colour and soil credibility play major roles in soil erosion and degradation. Soil erodibility is the vulnerability of the soil to erosion and it is one of the erosion process. Texture is one of the character is one of principle soil characteristics affecting erodibility while soil structure, organic matter and permeability also contribute immensely on soli erosion.

Generally soil with an increased infiltration rate, higher levels of organic matter and improved soil structure have greater rsistance to erosion (korener 1957) sand, sandy, loam, and loam, textured soil tend to be less erodible than silt, very fine sand and certain day-textured soil. The slope gradient and the length greater roles in erosion process longer the slope of a field the higher the risk for erosion. Soil erosion by water increases due to the greater accumulation of runoff that more as higher velocity on the surface. Consolidation of small slopes lengths with increased velocity of water with permits a greater degree of scouring (carrying capacity for sediment) all these parameter determine the strength of the soil and their ability to resist detachment and soil flow which may result to gully erosion. The nature of the soil affects both soil detachment, transported and deposition.

CHAPTER TWO

2.0 Literature Review

2.1 Introduction

This chapter focuses on the review of related literature. A literature review includes the current knowledge as well as theoretical and methodological contributions to a particular topic. It documents the state of the art with respect to the topic you are writing. It surveys the literature in the topic selected. In this research work the literature review includes the …

Summary Headlines for Soil Physical Characteristics and the Effects on Gully Development



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