× Close

📚 Project Proposal Topics PDF Department List & Materials for Google Scholars
Accounting Education Topics
Civil Engineering Topics
Community Health Topics
Economics Topics
Entrepreneurship Topics
📚 List of Project Proposal Topics and PDF Materials for (2025) Students
Estate Management Topics
Maritime and Transport Topics
Marketing Topics
Mass Communication Topics
Midwifery Topics
Nursing Topics
Political Science Topics
Primary Education Topics
Teacher Education Topics
See all Curated Project Dept.

Trending List of Project Topics

PDF and Microsoft Word Materials


Search for Project and Seminar Topics Post Market Item or Services for Free
Temperature and Water Requirement for Leaching of Caustic Alkalt From Ngu

Temperature and Water Requirement for Leaching of Caustic Alkalt From “Ngu”

Project / Seminar Material
Reference ID: PS-3189-TM

DEDICATION

This research material titled “Temperature and Water Requirement for Leaching of Caustic Alkalt From “Ngu”” is dedicated to God for his enabling grace, and to all computer enthusiasts who contributed to make life a pleasant experience during my research documentation.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I extend my sincere gratitude to all those who contributed to the completion of this project. Special thanks to my Supervisor (Name of your Supervisor), the Head of Department (Name of your HOD), the Lecturers in the department of Chemical Engineering, Book Authors and Profound Scholars of existing or related project material on “Temperature and Water Requirement for Leaching of Caustic Alkalt From “Ngu”” for their invaluable guidance, support, and expertise throughout the journey.

I am also grateful to your study area (mention any funding organizations, if applicable) for their financial assistance. This research would not have been possible without the encouragement and assistance of some stakeholders (mention any mentors, teachers, or colleagues). Additionally, I would like to acknowledge the understanding and patience of my family and friends during this endeavor. Your unwavering support has been a constant source of motivation. Thank you all for being part of this meaningful endeavor.

ABSTRACT

The production and analysis of “Ngu” extract for temperature and water requirement for leaching of casuistic alkali is the basic objective of this project. The production was carried out by using unit operations and also using the female inflorescence of a palm fruit (Eleasis Guineesis) as raw material.

The female inflorescence of palm fruit was size reduced from original dimensions to maintain particle size characteristics. The size reduced bunches were dried at room temperature and at normal atmospheric pressure; after which the sized reduced bunches were burnt at higher temperature. The cooled ashes were dissolved, filtered by using a sieve of mesh size and the filtered solution is the “Ngu” extract.

The pineapple content of the alkali leached from Ngu ash was potassium hydroxide. Material and energy balances, equipment sizing with recommended material of construction, costing and profitability analysis was done. It should however, be noted that a profitable project could be embarked upon if the equipments to be fabricated locally which also reduce foreign exchange being extended on the importation of potassium hydroxide.

Temperature and Water Requirement for Leaching of Caustic Alkalt From “Ngu”

CHAPTER ONE

1.0 Introduction

Temperature and water requirement for leaching of caustic alkali from Ngu refers to the extraction of a soluble constituent from a solid by means of a solvent. The process may be employed either for the production of a concentrated solution of a valuable solid material, or in order to free an insoluble solid from a soluble material with which it is contaminated.

The method used for the extraction will be determined by the proportion of soluble constituent present, its distribution throughout the solid, the nature of the solid and the partied size. The main constituent is usually potassium oxide which often comprises nearly 50% of the total weight of ash.

In this project, the major parameters that must be fixed or identified among other are the solvent used, the temperature and the leaching cycle. The main objective of this research was therefore to identify the suitable temperature and solvent (water) quantity required to give optimum result when alkali, taken as koH, is to be leached from Ngu ash.

1.1 Importance of Potassium Hydroxide

The need for chemical raw materials for most chemical industries has been on the increase, following the increase in the world population and man's need for their products. These chemicals includes those used for diverse production such as production of soap, candle, margarine, plastics and other products.

The chemical raw materials includes sodium hydroxide (HaoH), potassium hydroxide (koH), calcium hydroxide (CaCoH2), sodium hydrogen trioxocarbonate (iv) among others, industrially, these chemicals are manufactured from various sources and through diverse chemical processes and reactions. These processes and reactions which these chemicals are produced are usually complex and requires a high cost of production.

As a result of this production, the prices of the chemicals are not affordable for the average production Engineer and as a result necessities of life as well as the ways of handling or producing them, the chemical engineer whose goal is to mocimize profit and save cost is now faced with many challenges.

The “Ngu” is locally obtained from the female palm inflorescence of oil palm tree. The large inflorescence (female) consists of a branched perides of numerous, unisexual regular flowers. The panicles which is subtended by a woody branch as sometimes referred to as the spadic. Usually the flowering occurs set the beginning of the dry season.

The “Ngu” as a source of chemical raw materials has not really gained an international recognition as a major source of alkali, as well be discovered I this analysis. But we are determined to put in our best in this research work with a view to unfolding all the desirable benefits with from Ngu extract, it is true that the uses of Ngu extract for soap production dated back to our forefathers but it was clear that they did not know what they were doing. Moreover the production processes were very crude obviously resulting to be very poor quality product.

Hydroxide of potassium is used in the production of detergents and miscellaneous chemicals which found use in laboratory and industries. Potassium salts are used in the preparation of fertilizer which makes it essential to plant and animal life. It is also used in production of glass, gunpowder, and fireworks.

1.2 Objective of the Product

The basic objective of this project is to produce and analysis the “Ngu” solution obtained from palm oil tree with reference to temperature and water requirements.

This analysis involves forms of elements contained in Ngu via the female in florescence. This is done by carrying out quantities and qualitative analysis on the Ngu extract as contained in this project report.

…

CHAPTER TWO

2.0 Literature Review

2.1 Introduction

This chapter focuses on the review of related literature. A literature review includes the current knowledge as well as theoretical and methodological contributions to a particular topic. It documents the state of the art with respect to the topic you are writing. It surveys the literature in the topic selected. In this research work the literature review includes the …

Summary Headlines for Temperature and Water Requirement for Leaching of Caustic Alkalt From “Ngu”



    NEED HELP? CALL US 24/7:
    +234 803 051 1988