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Women participation in fish processing and packaging

Women participation in fish processing and packaging

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DEDICATION

This research material, titled “Women participation in fish processing and packaging” is dedicated to God for His boundless grace and guidance. It is also a tribute to all computer enthusiasts whose contributions made my research journey smoother and enriched my documentation process, making the experience truly fulfilling.



ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I am profoundly grateful to everyone who contributed to the successful completion of this project. I am especially grateful to my Supervisor (Name), the Head of Department (Name), and the Lecturers in the Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension for their invaluable guidance and support. I also acknowledge the contributions of authors and scholars whose works on Women participation in fish processing and packaging provided essential insights. Special thanks go to my study area (and any funding organizations, if applicable) for their financial assistance. I am equally thankful to stakeholders, including mentors, teachers, and colleagues, for their encouragement and support. Finally, I deeply appreciate my family and friends for their patience and unwavering support throughout this journey. Your contributions have been instrumental in making this research a reality.



ABSTRACT

The study investigated Women participation in fish processing and packaging in Delta State, Nigeria. Multi stage sampling procedure was used in the selection of 180 respondents for the study. The aim of the study is to determine the Women participation in fish processing and packaging using Delta State rural communities as a case study. In achieving this aim, the following specific objectives were laid out to identify the various fish processing methods used by the respondents in the study area, describe the socio-economic characteristics of the women, identify the processing methods adopted by the women, identify the processing equipment types used by the women, identify the energy sources used by the women in fish processing, and identify the materials used in the packaging process in the study area. Data for the study was collected using structured questionnaire, focus group discussion and participatory observation. Data collected were analyzed using simple descriptive statistics, mean scores and inferential statistics. The result indicated that majority of the women were married (57%) and literate with few having non-formal education (38%). The result further indicated that the three major processing methods used by the women to include hot smoking (57%), air drying (25%), and salting (19.4%). Packaging methods include baskets (47.2%), paper cartons (37.2%), jute bags (46.0%) and palm rope (58.0%) used in tying staked fish. The probit regression analysis on socio-economic factors affecting participation of women in fish processing and packaging indicated that age (0.00642***), education (0.00256**), income (0.3609**), access to credit (0.00068**), household size (0.2475**) and access to market (0.03150**) are all positive and significantly related to participation of women in fish processing and packaging. The study recommends the formation of cooperative societies among themselves to ease off some of the problems they encountered in their enterprise.


Women participation in fish processing and packaging

CHAPTER ONE

1.1 Introduction

Fish processing is the process associated with the fish and fish products between the time the fish are caught or harvested and the time the final product is delivered to the consumers. The processing and preservation of fish is of utmost important because it is susceptible to deterioration immediately after harvest and to present economic losses (Okonta and Ekelemu, 2005). If fish is not sold fresh, preservation methods should be applied to extend the shell-life. These include freezing, smoking, drying and heat treatment. Lack of adequate fish handling, processing techniques and storage facilities constitutes significantly to the low supply of fish to poor rural communities. The long distance and distribution channels necessitated some processing and storage, small preservation through refrigeration is not readily available due to poor distribution of authority (Agbon et al., 2002). Efficient preservation of fish is important when top quality, maximum yield and highest possible profits are to be achieved (Davies and Davies, 2009).

As a prelude to other parts of this study, this chapter will discuss the background upon which this study was initiated, the statement of problems that led to this study, the Aim and Objectives of the study. Others are Significance of the study, Scope of work, Limitations of the Study and Definition of technical terms.

…

CHAPTER TWO

2.0 Literature Review

2.1 Introduction

This chapter focuses on the review of related literature. A literature review includes the current knowledge as well as theoretical and methodological contributions to a particular topic. It documents the state of the art with respect to the topic you are writing. It surveys the literature in the topic selected. In this research work the literature review includes the conceputal review, theoretical framework, the review of related literature …

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Defense Procedure for Agricultural Economics and Extension Researchers

In preparation for defending a project or seminar on Women participation in fish processing and packaging, it is imperative that as a nursing student, you demonstrate comprehensive knowledge of your research. The defense process is structured to include presenting your work, answering questions, and illustrating its pertinence. Initially, provide a succinct yet thorough introduction to your research topic, emphasizing its importance and the objectives, ensuring that both the audience and the External Examiner can understand the scope of your study.

Prior to your defense, be thoroughly acquainted with your research abstract and the critical elements of Chapter One, including motivation for embarking on this research, problem statement, objectives, and significance. In Chapter Two, be ready to cite at least two references from the literature review. For Chapter Three, you should be equipped to discuss the methodologies, tools, and techniques utilized. In Chapter Four, defend your research by justifying the findings and linking them to your research objectives.

Conclude your defense by succinctly summarizing the study and offering insightful, evidence-based recommendations. A professional dress code, such as wearing a suit and tie, is vital to create a favorable impression and elevate your presentation.

During the question and answer segment, the External Examiner may pose questions pertaining to your research. If confronted with a challenging or irrelevant question, respond diplomatically with, “Sorry, Sir/Madam, the question asked is beyond the scope of my study.” Whenever possible, direct your answers back to your research findings to reinforce your expertise.

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