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Design and Implementation of a Computerized Traffic Offence System

Design and Implementation of a Computerized Traffic Offence System

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Reference ID: PS-5030-TM

DEDICATION

This research work titled "Design and Implementation of a Computerized Traffic Offence System" is dedicated to God for his enabling grace and to all computer enthusiasts who help to make life a pleasant experience.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I owe my indebtedness to my Supervisor (Name of your Supervisor), the Head of Department (Name of your HOD), the Lecturers in the department of Computer Science (CS), Book Authors and Profound Scholars of existing/related research material for your moral support that facilitated the successful completion of my (Tertiary Institution level). I am grateful to God Almighty and my parent for their financial support in my career. I really appreciate you all for everything, Thank you very much.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PRELIMINARY PAGES


CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION


CHAPTER TWO

LITERATURE REVIEW

  • 2.1 Introduction

CHAPTER THREE

SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND DESIGN

  • 3.1 Methodology Adopted
  • 3.1.1 Problem Identification Using SSADM
  • 3.2 Analysis of the Existing System
  • 3.2.1 Dataflow of the Existing System
  • 3.2.2 Disadvantages Of The Existing System
  • 3.2.3 Weakness of the existing System
  • 3.3 Feasibility Study
  • 3.3.1 Economic Feasibility
  • 3.3.2 Technical Feasibility
  • 3.3.3 Operational Feasibility
  • 3.4 Analysis of the Proposed System
  • 3.4.1 Data Flow Diagram of the Proposed System
  • 3.4.2 Advantages of the Proposed System
  • 3.4.3 Justification of the Proposed System
  • 3.5 Functional Requirements
  • 3.5.1 Use Case Diagram Of The Admin / User Privileges
  • 3.6 Data Requirements
  • 3.7 High Level Model of the Proposed System

CHAPTER FOUR

SYSTEM DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION

  • 4.1 Objectives of the Design
  • 4.2 Cohesion and Decomposition High level Model
  • 4.3 Control Center / Overall Dataflow Diagram
  • 4.3.1 Proposed System Operation Flowchart
  • 4.4 System Specification and Design
  • 4.4.1 Input and Output Specification
  • 4.4.2 Database Specification and Design
  • 4.4.3 Data Dictionary
  • 4.5 Choice and Justification of Programming Language
  • 4.6 Program Documentation
  • 4.7 Implementation Techniques
  • 4.7.1 System Testing
  • 4.8 Programming Module Specification
  • 4.8.1 Installation
  • 4.9 Computer Hardware Minimum Requirement
  • 4.10 Software Requirement
  • 4.11 Personnel / User Training
  • 4.12 File Maintenance Module

CHAPTER FIVE

SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

  • 5.1 Introduction
  • 5.2 Summary
  • 5.3 Conclusion
  • 5.4 Recommendation

REFERENCES

APPENDIX A - “SOURCE CODE”

APPENDIX B - “OBJECT PROGRAM”


Design and Implementation of a Computerized Traffic Offence System

CHAPTER ONE

1.1 Introduction

Computerized Traffic Offence System is a powerful web based and database program that records all the traffic offences committed nationwide. The system helps the Federal Road Safety Commission keep adequate records of all traffic offences that has been committed and that will still be committed by road users and also maintain the databases of the commission (FRSC). Road Traffic Offence refers to any act that causes or liable to cause violation of road traffic rules and regulations. Road traffic offence is an action taken or action not taken that violates road safety rules and regulation. Traffic violation is a serious offence, which could endanger the lives of drivers and pedestrians. Recently, there is an increase in the number of vehicles on roads and is rapidly increasing day by day, which thus causes profoundly clogged streets thereby, encouraging the violators to break the rules. The main intention is to save time. These violators leave in a common conception that red signals, wearing helmets and other rules are a waste of time and fuel, impaired hearing, gives helmet hair and many more reasons.

As a prelude to other parts of this study, this chapter will discuss the background upon which this study was initiated, the statement of problems that led to this study, the Aim and Objectives of the study. Others are Significance of the study, Scope of work, Limitation of the study and Definition of technical terms.


1.2 Background of Study

Prior to the establishment of Federal Road Safety Commission in 1988, there was no concrete and sustained policy action to address the carnage on Nigerian roads. Earlier attempts in this direction were limited to discrete and isolated attempts by some states of the Federation and individuals.The unpleasant trend in the nation’s road traffic system which resulted in upsurage in road traffic accidents made the Federal Government initiate a search for a credible and effective response to the challenge. In February 1988, the Federal Government established the Federal Road Safety Commission through Decree No .45 of the 1988 as amended by Decree 35 of 1992 referred to in the statue books as the FRSC Act cap 141 laws of the Federation of Nigeria (LFN) passed by the National Assembly as Federal Road Safety Commission (establishment) Act 200. Around the world road traffic injuries are a major public health challenges that requires concerted efforts for effective and sustained prevention.

An estimated 1.2million people are killed in road crashes every year and as many as 50million suffer injuries. The world health organisation believes that these figures could increase by more than half over the next 20years unless there is a firm commitment to road safety and accident prevention, especially in Nigeria, most adults will know of someone who has been killed or injured in a road traffic accident. It is a dead fact that many of these accidents and their consequences would have been avoided. Therefore the Computerised Traffic Offence System will help to keep records of all traffic offences committed by road users and also maintain the databases of the commission (FRSC).

Road traffic violation rules differ from one country to another. In India traffic violations rules follow the Motor Vehicle Act 1988, passed by the Lok Sabha with strict and heavy penalties for violation of traffic rules (India, 2021). The concept of smart city began in the early 1990s with the rising of new technologies of mobiles and wireless networks; in addition to the huge development in the internet technologies such as semantic web and internet of things (Adler and Blue, 2018). Real-time traffic signal control is an integral part of modern Urban Traffic Control Systems aimed at achieving optimal utilization of the road network. Providing effective real time traffic signal control for a complex traffic network could be challenging. Signal system operation is further complicated by the recent trend that views traffic signal system as a small component of an integrated multimodal transportation System.

According to Trackschoolbus (2021), the traffic violations are categorized into two types as minor and major violations. Minor violations include, parking violations in an unauthorized space or no parking zone, handicapped zone or at trespassing areas. Major violations include more serious issues such as reckless driving and accident issues (Trackschoolbus, 2021).

The intelligent transportation system is considered as one of the major applications of the smart city. Our proposed system may compose of many technologies such as: Video Image Detection Systems and Mobile phone tracking (Boselly and Ulberg, 2013). Using these technologies with artificial intelligence could be creating an intelligence tracking system that take a decision of tracking offenders. There are many goals that could be achieved through this proposed system; such as changing the traffic conditions to reduce the amount of trip time and the time that cars spend idling which decreases the fuel consumption thus will cause decrease the amount of carbon monoxide emissions (Ahmed, 2012). Intelligent Transport Systems and Services could be defined as the integration of information and communications technology with transport infrastructure, vehicles and users. The increase in urbanization and traffic congestion create an urgent need to operate our transportation systems with maximum efficiency (Ibeh, 2016).


1.3 Statement of the Problem

Investigation revealed that the manual checking of vehicles violating rules is tedious. This requires a system which detects and distinguishes a variety of traffic offenses. For example signal hop, over speeding, riding without a helmet. Also such a system should effectively monitor the traffic to enforce law and order in the city.

The road traffic offence information sector should not be left out, because an increase in the use of improved information management technology has greater advantages, where process of collecting, processing, storage, retrieval and dissemination of road traffic offence information for the purposes of planning, controlling, coordinating and decision making are not in tone with times.

The existing system of road traffic offence gives no room for pictorial identification of offenders. Hence wrong person could be accused. The system is decentralized making road traffic offence information manipulation and accessibility of the database difficult. Also the system has no room for pictorial diagram display of the offence committed, as well as the penalty of offence as an evidence to facilitate prosecution. Hence the offender often sees himself as being compelled to accept responsibility.


1.4 Aims and Objectives of Study

The aim of the study is to Design and Implement Computerized Traffic Offence System. In achieving this aim, the following specific objectives were laid out as follows to design and develop an application that will:

  1. Centralized road traffic offence information database where road traffic offence information can be easily accessed by all authorized user.
  2. Store and maintain accurate database record of traffic offenders.
  3. Keep track of traffic crimes and traffic offenders.
  4. Reduce error in offenders’ identification, as lots offenders escape offence due to wrong identification (pictorial identification) during and after documentation which makes prosecution of offenders’ difficulty.
  5. Displays a pictorial sketch or diagram of an offence committed as clear evidence to offenders’ crime. This can also be tendered in court during prosecution.

1.5 Significance of Study

Road traffic Information Management System provides road traffic information that is needed to manage road traffic organizations efficiently and effectively. Road traffic information management and the information it generates are generally considered essential components of prudent and reasonable business decisions. With the growth in information technology, the study offers numerous benefits to the Federal Road Safety Commission and other organizations that deal with road traffic offence information management. There are many reasons why a research on the Computerized Traffic Offence System should be made at this time. The chief reasons being that:

Computerized Traffic Offence System uses integrated database-stores all road traffic offence information in a single database. This enhances fast, timely and secured accessibility and sharing of road traffic offence reports for the agency’s decision making

Identifying road traffic offenders with their pictorial images will aid the agency in authentic documentation and avoid prosecuting wrong persons.

Often times, Offenders deny ever committing a crime they are apprehended for due to absence of diagram sketch/pictorial display showing the crime committed. Displaying offender crime for the offender to see enhance the agency’s credibility and makes FRSC road traffic information reports reliable.


1.6 Scope of Study

The scope of this research is focused on the Design and Implementation of a Computerized Traffic Offence System using Federal Road Safety Corps (FRSC) as a case study.


1.7 Limitations of the Study

During the course of this study, many things militated against its completion, some of which are:

  1. Time Constraint: The time frame given to accomplish this project was very short due to school academic calendar and it was carried out under pressure which made the researcher not to implement some necessary features.
  2. Research material: availability of research material is a major setback to the scope of the study.
  3. Frequent power failure: This made the researcher append more money on fuel to ensure sustainable power.
  4. Financial Constraint: Insufficient fund tends to impede the efficiency of the researcher in sourcing for the relevant materials, literature or information and in the process of data collection (internet).

1.8 Definition of Terms

Road Traffic Offence: This phrase refers to any act that causes or liable to cause violation of road traffic rules and regulations. Road traffic offence is an action taken or action not taken that violates road safety rules and regulation. For instance not reporting a road traffic accident is a road traffic offence.

Travel: To be on a journey, often for pleasure or business, and with luggage; to go from one place to another.

CHAPTER TWO

2.0 Literature Review

2.1 Introduction

This chapter focuses on the review of related literature. A literature review includes the current knowledge as well as theoretical and methodological contributions to a particular topic. It documents the state of the art with respect to the topic you are writing. It surveys the literature in the topic selected. In this research work the literature review includes the …

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