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Mycotoxins Available in Foodstuffs Vended

Mycotoxins Available in Foodstuffs Vended

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DEDICATION

This research material, titled “Mycotoxins Available in Foodstuffs Vended” is dedicated to God for His boundless grace and guidance. It is also a tribute to all computer enthusiasts whose contributions made my research journey smoother and enriched my documentation process, making the experience truly fulfilling.



ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I am profoundly grateful to everyone who contributed to the successful completion of this project. I am especially grateful to my Supervisor (Name), the Head of Department (Name), and the Lecturers in the Department of Botany for their invaluable guidance and support. I also acknowledge the contributions of authors and scholars whose works on Mycotoxins Available in Foodstuffs Vended provided essential insights. Special thanks go to my study area (and any funding organizations, if applicable) for their financial assistance. I am equally thankful to stakeholders, including mentors, teachers, and colleagues, for their encouragement and support. Finally, I deeply appreciate my family and friends for their patience and unwavering support throughout this journey. Your contributions have been instrumental in making this research a reality.



TABLE OF CONTENTS

PRELIMINARY PAGES

CHAPTER ONE

Introduction

  • 1.1 Background of the study
  • 1.2 Statement of Problem
  • 1.3 Objectives of the study
  • 1.4 Significance of the study
  • 1.5 Scope of the study
  • 1.6 Research questions
  • 1.7 Limitation of the Study

CHAPTER TWO

Literature Review

  • 2.1 Introduction
  • 2.2 Conceptual Framework
  • 2.3 Theoretical Framework
  • 2.4 Empirical Review
  • 2.5 Summary of Gaps
  • …

CHAPTER THREE

Methodology

  • 3.1 Design of the study
  • 3.2 Area of the study
  • 3.3 Population of the study
  • 3.4 Sample and Sampling Technique
  • 3.5 Instrumentation
  • 3.6 Validity of the Instrument
  • 3.7 Administration of the Instrument
  • 3.8 Method of Data Analysis

CHAPTER FOUR

Results and Discussion

  • 4.1 Data Presentation and Analysis
  • 4.2 Discussion of the Research Findings

CHAPTER FIVE

SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS

  • 5.1 Summary
  • 5.2 Conclusion
  • 5.3 Recommendations

REFERENCES

APPENDIX I


ABSTRACT

Mycotoxins are derived from the combination of two greek words “mykes” which means fungus and “toxikon” which means poison (Haper douglas, 2008). Thus, mycotoxins are fungal poisons (Bennett, 1987). Mycotoxins are natural products produced by fungi that evoke a toxic response when introduced in low concentration to higher vertebrates and other animals by a natural route (Benette, 1987). Richard(2007) defined mycotoxin as a toxic secondary metabolite produced by organism of the fungi kingdom commonly known as moulds and this toxins are capable of causing diseases and death to humans and other animals.
The term mycotoxin was coined in 1962, in the aftermath of an unusual veterinary crisis near London, England during which approximately 100,000 turkey poults died (Blout, 1961). When the mysterious turkey X disease was linked to a peanut (groundnut) meal which was contaminated with secondary metabolites Aspergillus flavus (Aflatoxins)(Blout, 1961).
It then sensitized scientists to the possibility that other occult mould metabolites might be deadly. Soon the mycotoxin rubic was extended to include a number of previously known fungal toxins for example:the ergot alkaloids, some compounds that had originally been isolated as antibiotics, for example patulin and a number of new secondary metabolites revealed in screens targeted at mycotoxins discovery for example ochratoxin (Forgacs, 1962).


Mycotoxins Available in Foodstuffs Vended

CHAPTER ONE

1.1 Introduction

… As a prelude to other parts of this study, this chapter will discuss the background upon which this study was initiated, the statement of problems that led to this study, the Aim and Objectives of the study. Others are Significance of the study, Scope of work, Research hypothesis and questions, Limitation of the study and Definition of technical terms.…

CHAPTER TWO

2.0 Literature Review

2.1 Introduction

This chapter focuses on the review of related literature. A literature review includes the current knowledge as well as theoretical and methodological contributions to a particular topic. It documents the state of the art with respect to the topic you are writing. It surveys the literature in the topic selected. In this research work the literature review includes the conceputal review, theoretical framework, the review of related literature …

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Defense Procedure for Botany Researchers

In preparation for defending a project or seminar on Mycotoxins Available in Foodstuffs Vended, it is imperative that as a nursing student, you demonstrate comprehensive knowledge of your research. The defense process is structured to include presenting your work, answering questions, and illustrating its pertinence. Initially, provide a succinct yet thorough introduction to your research topic, emphasizing its importance and the objectives, ensuring that both the audience and the External Examiner can understand the scope of your study.

Prior to your defense, be thoroughly acquainted with your research abstract and the critical elements of Chapter One, including motivation for embarking on this research, problem statement, objectives, and significance. In Chapter Two, be ready to cite at least two references from the literature review. For Chapter Three, you should be equipped to discuss the methodologies, tools, and techniques utilized. In Chapter Four, defend your research by justifying the findings and linking them to your research objectives.

Conclude your defense by succinctly summarizing the study and offering insightful, evidence-based recommendations. A professional dress code, such as wearing a suit and tie, is vital to create a favorable impression and elevate your presentation.

During the question and answer segment, the External Examiner may pose questions pertaining to your research. If confronted with a challenging or irrelevant question, respond diplomatically with, “Sorry, Sir/Madam, the question asked is beyond the scope of my study.” Whenever possible, direct your answers back to your research findings to reinforce your expertise.

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