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Sparklyn Analysis of Microrganisms from Plant Growth Promoting Rhizosphere (PGPR) Soil
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Analysis of Microrganisms from Plant Growth Promoting Rhizosphere (PGPR) Soil

This page presents an excerpt of the research material, providing a comprehensive overview of the study. It includes the Preliminary Pages, Table of Contents, Abstract, Chapters One to Five, and References, making it accessible and informative for students, researchers, and other readers interested in the topic of this study. Acknowledgement is also included, expressing gratitude to the individuals, institutions, and resources that contributed to the successful completion of the research, with materials and information sourced from the online platform sparklyn.com.ng, which provided valuable academic support.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PRELIMINARY PAGES

  • Title page
  • Approval page
  • Dedication
  • Acknowledgement
  • Table of Contents
  • Abstract

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

    CHAPTER TWO

    LITERATURE REVIEW

    • 2.1 Introduction
    • ⋮

    CHAPTER THREE

    MATERIALS AND METHODS

    • 3.1 Introduction
    • ⋮

    CHAPTER FOUR

    RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

    • 4.1 Introduction
    • 4.2 Results
    • ⋮
    • 4.3 Discussion of Findings

    CHAPTER FIVE

    SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

    • 5.1 Introduction
    • 5.2 Summary
    • 5.3 Conclusion
    • 5.4 Recommendation

    REFERENCES

    ABSTRACT

    The study analyzes of Microorganisms from Plant Growth Promoting Rhizosphere (PGPR) Soil. In achieving this aim, the following specific objectives were laid out as follows to identify the Plant microorganism promoting Rhizosphere (PGPR) Soil and evaluate the mode of action of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizosphere as biofertilizers. Rhizospheric soils of crop plants have more flora and fauna due to availability of more organic compound, macronutrient and micronutrient. Rhizobacteria that exert beneficial effects on plant growth and development are referred to as Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR). Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria is a group of free living soil bacteria, which have ability to promote growth and yield of crop plant by direct and indirect mechanism. PGPR is generally two type, one is colonies inside plant cells that called intracellular PGPR and other colonies out side plant in rhizosphere that called extracellular PGPR. One of the significant challenges encountered during the development of a biofertilizer and the commercialization of an effective PGPR strain is its shelf life. Biofertilizers with a short shelf life carry the risk of recycling if they are not used or sold before expiry resulting in a net monetary loss to the marketing agency. The indirect mechanism of plant growth occurs when PGPR lessen or prevent the deleterious effects of plant pathogens on plants by production of inhibitory substances or by increasing the natural resistance of the host. The search for PGPR and investigation of their mode of action are increasing at a rapid use as commercial biofertilizers. The mode of action and practical application of PGPR in crop production are the major focus of this review. This study will be of immense benefit to researchers who intend to know more on this study and can also be used by non-researchers to build more on their research work.

    CHAPTER ONE

    1.1 Introduction

    Bacteria able to colonize plant root systems and promote plant growth are referred to as Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) (Kloepper and Schroth, 1978). PGPR can affect plant growth either indirectly or directly; indirect promotion of plant growth occurs when PGPR lessen or prevent the deleterious effects of one or more phytopathogenic organisms; while direct promotion of plant growth by PGPR involves either providing plants with a compound synthesized by the bacterium or facilitating the uptake of certain nutrients from the environment (Glick, 1995). Thus, in the broadest sense, PGPR include the N2-fixing rhizobacteria that colonize the rhizosphere, providing N to plants, including the rhizobia of the well-characterized legume-rhizobia symbiosis. Regardless of the mechanisms of plant growth promotion, PGPR must colonize the rhizosphere around the roots, the rhizoplane (root surface) or the root itself (within root tissues) (Glick, 1995).

    As a prelude to other parts of this study, this chapter will discuss the background upon which this study was initiated, the statement of problems that led to this study, the Aim and Objectives of the study. Others are Significance of the study, Scope of work, Limitations of the Study and Definition of technical terms.

    …

    CHAPTER TWO

    LITERATURE REVIEW

    2.1 Introduction

    This chapter focuses on the review of related literature. A literature review presents current knowledge, as well as theoretical and methodological contributions, related to Analysis of Microrganisms from Plant Growth Promoting Rhizosphere (PGPR) Soil. It documents the state of the art on the subject under study and provides a comprehensive survey of existing literature. In this research work the literature review includes the conceputal review, theoretical framework, the review of related literature …

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