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Application of Geoelectrical Resistivity Imaging to Investigate Groundwater Potential

Application of Geoelectrical Resistivity Imaging to Investigate Groundwater Potential

Project / Seminar Material
Reference ID: PS-2160-TM

DEDICATION

This research material titled “Application of Geoelectrical Resistivity Imaging to Investigate Groundwater Potential” is dedicated to God for his enabling grace, and to all computer enthusiasts who contributed to make life a pleasant experience during my research documentation.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I extend my sincere gratitude to all those who contributed to the completion of this project. Special thanks to my Supervisor (Name of your Supervisor), the Head of Department (Name of your HOD), the Lecturers in the department of Physics, Book Authors and Profound Scholars of existing or related project material on “Application of Geoelectrical Resistivity Imaging to Investigate Groundwater Potential” for their invaluable guidance, support, and expertise throughout the journey.

I am also grateful to your study area (mention any funding organizations, if applicable) for their financial assistance. This research would not have been possible without the encouragement and assistance of some stakeholders (mention any mentors, teachers, or colleagues). Additionally, I would like to acknowledge the understanding and patience of my family and friends during this endeavor. Your unwavering support has been a constant source of motivation. Thank you all for being part of this meaningful endeavor.


Application of Geoelectrical Resistivity Imaging to Investigate Groundwater Potential

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PRELIMINARY PAGES


CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

  • 1.1 Introduction
  • 1.2 Background of Study
  • 1.3 Statement of Problems
  • 1.4 Aim and Objectives of Study
  • 1.5 Significance of Study
  • 1.8 Scope of Study
  • 1.9 Limitations of the Study

CHAPTER TWO

LITERATURE REVIEW

  • 2.1 Introduction
  • 2.2 Geological Description of Underground Water
  • 2.2.1 The Occurrence of Groundwater
  • 2.2.2 The Movement of Groundwater
  • 2.2.3 Transmission of Groundwater
  • 2.2.4 Recharge
  • 2.2.5 Leakage
  • 2.2.6 Withdrawal
  • 2.2.7 Aquifers
  • 2.3 Location of the Study Area
  • 2.4 Theoretical Review of Geological Setting
  • 2.5 Geological Setting of the Study Area

CHAPTER THREE

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

  • 3.1 Introduction
  • 3.2 Electrical Resistivity Theory and Methodology
  • 3.2.1 Single Current Electrode at Depth
  • 3.2.2 Single Current Electrode at the Surface
  • 3.2.3 Two Current Electrodes at the Surface
  • 3.3 Apparent Resistivity and Electrode
  • 3.4 Resistivity Surveys
  • 3.5 Field Measurement Procedure
  • 3.6 The Field Work Procedure

CHAPTER FOUR

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

  • 4.1 Introduction
  • 4.2 Results and Interpretation
  • 4.3 Data Collected for Profile 1
  • 4.4 Data Collected for Profile 2
  • 4.5 Data Collected for Profile
  • 4.6 Discussion of Findings

CHAPTER FIVE

SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

  • 5.1 Introduction
  • 5.2 Summary of Findings
  • 5.3 Conclusion
  • 5.4 Recommendation
  • 5.5 Suggestion Contribution to Further Studies

REFERENCES

APPENDIX A - “LIST OF FIGURES”

ABSTRACT

The study was conducted to determine the Application of Geoelectrical Resistivity Imaging and investigate the Groundwater Potential in the area under study. In achieving this aim, the following specific objectives were laid out to determine the availability of groundwater resources in Atan using geoelectrical resistivity method and determine the depth of groundwater of the study area using vertical electrical sounding. Geoelectrical resistivity imaging using both 2D and Vertical Electrical Sounding (1D) method was carried out in Atan, Ado/Odo Ota Local Government, Ogun State ,Nigeria using the PAS earth resistivity meter. Three profiles was carried out using both Wenner and Schlumberger array configuration. The data was interpreted using RES2DINV for 2D and computer iteration method (WinResist) for VES. Results showed that there are five major layers which described the geological structure of the study area. The resistivity values ranges between 1200Ωm to 4000Ωm, 500Ωm to 1000Ωm, 400Ωm to 800Ωm , 200Ωm to 400Ωm and 60.7 Ωm to approximately 100Ωm respectively according to the structures. VES1, VES 2, VES 3 and VES 4 apparent resistivity curve shows the different layers with their corresponding thicknesses. The study area revealed that the depth to the aquifer ranges between 130m to 140m. Based on the findings, it is recommended that the length for electrode spreading should be increased to at least 400m or 500m in order for the injection current to penetrate deep the ground for Wenner array configuration. Also, the research work should be made to have more profiles for better resolution.


Application of Geoelectrical Resistivity Imaging to Investigate Groundwater Potential

CHAPTER ONE

1.1 Introduction

Groundwater has an excellent microbiological quality and generally adequate chemical quality for most uses. Nine major chemical constituents (Na, Ca, Mg, KHCO3, Cl, SO4, NO3 and Si) make up 99% of the solute content of natural groundwater. The proportion of these constituents reflects the geology and history of the groundwater. Minor and trace constituents make up the remaining 1% of the total, and their presence (or absence) can occasionally give rise to health problems or make them unacceptable for human or animal use (British Geological Survey to Africa).

As a prelude to other parts of this study, this chapter will discuss the background upon which this study was initiated, the statement of problems that led to this study, the Aim and Objectives of the study. Others are Significance of the study, Scope of work, Limitations of the Study and Definition of technical terms.

CHAPTER TWO

2.0 Literature Review

2.1 Introduction

This chapter focuses on the review of related literature. A literature review includes the current knowledge as well as theoretical and methodological contributions to a particular topic. It documents the state of the art with respect to the topic you are writing. It surveys the literature in the topic selected. In this research work the literature review includes the …

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