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Class Attendance Management System

Class Attendance Management System

Project / Seminar Material
Reference ID: PS-23459-TM

DEDICATION

This research work titled "Class Attendance Management System" is dedicated to God for his enabling grace and to all computer enthusiasts who help to make life a pleasant experience.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I owe my indebtedness to my Supervisor (Name of your Supervisor), the Head of Department (Name of your HOD), the Lecturers in the department of Computer Science (CS), Book Authors and Profound Scholars of existing/related research material for your moral support that facilitated the successful completion of my (Tertiary Institution level). I am grateful to God Almighty and my parent for their financial support in my career. I really appreciate you all for everything, Thank you very much.


Class Attendance Management System

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PRELIMINARY PAGES


CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

  • 1.1 Introduction
  • 1.2 Background of Study
  • 1.3 Statement of the Problem
  • 1.4 Aim and Objectives of Study
  • 1.5 Scope of the Study
  • 1.6 Limitations of the Study
  • 1.7 Significance of the Study
  • 1.8 Operational Definition of Terms

CHAPTER TWO

LITERATURE REVIEW

  • 2.1 Introduction
  • 2.2 Theoretical Review
  • 2.2.1 Computerized Attendance System
  • 2.2.2 Bluetooth Based Attendance System
  • 2.2.3 NFC based Attendance System
  • 2.2.4 Fingerprint based Attendance System
  • 2.2.5 Iris Based Attendance System
  • 2.2.6 Face Recognition based Attendance System
  • 2.2.7 Mobile Based Attendance System
  • 2.2.8 RFID based Attendance System
  • 2.3 Brief Review of Principle behind this Project
  • 2.3.1 Review of Fingerprint Recognition Technology
  • 2.3.1.1 Minutiae Features
  • 2.3.1.2 Fingerprint Sensors
  • 2.3.1.3 Matching Algorithms
  • 2.4 Review of Components Used
  • 2.4.1 MICROCONTROLLER CIRCUIT
  • 2.4.1.1 ATMEGA 328P-PU
  • 2.4.1.2 Crystal Oscillator
  • 2.4.1.3 Resistor
  • 2.4.1.4 Capacitors
  • 2.4.2 Display Circuit
  • 2.4.2.1 HITACHI HD44780 1602 LCD
  • 2.4.2.2 RGB LED
  • 2.4.3 UART to USB Circuit
  • 2.4.4 Fingerprint Module
  • 2.5 Operation Principle of Fingerprint

CHAPTER THREE

SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND DESIGN

  • 3.1 Methodology Adopted
  • 3.1.1 Problem Identification Using SSADM
  • 3.2 Analysis of the Existing System
  • 3.2.1 Dataflow of the Existing System
  • 3.2.2 Disadvantages Of The Existing System
  • 3.2.3 Weakness of the existing System
  • 3.3 Analysis of the Proposed System
  • 3.3.1 Data Flow Diagram of the Proposed System
  • 3.3.2 Advantages of the Proposed System
  • 3.3.3 Justification of the Proposed System
  • 3.4 Functional Requirements
  • 3.4.1 Use Case Diagram Of The Admin / User Privileges
  • 3.5 Data Requirements
  • 3.6 High Level Model of the Proposed System

CHAPTER FOUR

SYSTEM DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION

  • 4.1 Objectives of the Design
  • 4.2 Cohesion and Decomposition High level Model
  • 4.3 Control Center / Overall Dataflow Diagram
  • 4.3.1 Proposed System Operation Flowchart
  • 4.4 System Specification and Design
  • 4.4.1 Input and Output Specification
  • 4.4.2 Database Specification and Design
  • 4.4.3 Data Dictionary
  • 4.5 Choice and Justification of Programming Language
  • 4.6 Program Documentation
  • 4.7 Implementation Techniques
  • 4.8 Programming Module Specification
  • 4.8.1 Installation
  • 4.9 Computer Hardware Minimum Requirement
  • 4.10 Software Requirement
  • 4.11 Personnel / User Training

CHAPTER FIVE

SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

  • 5.1 Introduction
  • 5.2 Summary
  • 5.3 Conclusion
  • 5.4 Recommendation

REFERENCES

APPENDIX A - “SOURCE CODE”

APPENDIX B - “OBJECT PROGRAM”

ABSTRACT

Class Attendance Management System is a software developed for daily student attendance in schools and institutions. The ability to compute the attendance percentage becomes a major task as manual computation produces errors, and also wastes a lot of time. For the stated reason, an efficient attendance management system using biometrics is designed. This system takes attendance electronically with the help of a fingerprint device and the records of the attendance are stored in a database. The aim of the study is to design and develop a reliable, scalable and cost-effective Fingerprint based Student Attendance Management system. In achieving this aim, the following specific objectives were laid out to carry out the analysis of manual processes involved in class attendance and examination attendance, design a new system for the (i) above and implement the design using Web Based programming. The methodology adopted in this study is the object oriented analysis and design methodology (OOADM) which is a technical approach for analyzing and designing an application or system by applying object throughout the software development process. The programming language used is HTML, CSS, JAVASCRIPT, PHP, SQL and JQUERY. The reason why web programming languages was used is because, it is platform independent and it is a web based application. This project will be of benefit to: students, and lecturers. The System for Students using fingerprint Biometric will eliminate the use of paper in manual signing processes and all the risk associated with it. One of the risks of using a paper in class attendance is that it can be easily misplaced and students cheat by signing for each other not present in the class thereby defeating the aim of taking the attendance. Tracking and monitoring students’ time of attendance could be tedious, time-consuming and susceptible to error. The expected result is an electronic Class Attendance Management System that will collect students' attendance record which will be used for academic continuous assessment purpose.


Class Attendance Management System

CHAPTER ONE

1.1 Introduction

An attendance management system using biometrics would provide the needed solution. An attendance management system is a software developed for daily student attendance in schools and institutions. It facilitates access to the attendance of a particular student in a particular class. This system will also help in generating reports and evaluating the attendance eligibility of a student. Rather than signing an attendance sheet, individuals will pass their thumb over the fingerprint scanner, the finger print is compared against a list of pre-registered users, and once a match is made, the individual will be registered as having attended that lecture.

As a prelude to other parts of this study, this chapter will discuss the background upon which this study was initiated, the statement of problems that led to this study, the Aim and Objectives of the study. Others are Significance of the study, Scope of work, Limitations of the Study and Definition of technical terms.


1.2 Background of Study

In many institutions and academic organizations, attendance is a very important criterion which is used for various purposes. These purposes include record keeping, assessment of students, and promotion of optimal and consistent attendance in class. In developing countries, a minimum percentage of class attendance is required in most institutions and this policy has not been adhered to, because of the various challenges the present method of taking attendance presents. This traditional method involves the use of sheets of paper or books in taking student attendance. This method could easily allow for impersonation and the attendance sheet could be stolen or lost. Taking of attendance is time-consuming and it is difficult to ascertain the number of students that have made the minimum percentage and thus eligible for the exam. Thus, there is a need for a system that would eliminate all of these trouble spots.

Due to student’s interest in classrooms, and the study environment of university or institution, recording absence at a department or faculty having a large number of students in a classroom is a difficult task and time-consuming. Moreover, the process takes much time, and many efforts are spent by the staff of the department to complete the attendance rates for each student. So in many institutions and academic organizations, attendance is a very important criterion which is used for various purposes. These purposes include record keeping, assessment of students, and promotion of optimal and consistent attendance in class. As long as in many developing countries, a minimum percentage of class attendance is required in most institutions and this policy has not been adhered to, because of the various challenges the present method of taking attendance presents. The process of recording attendances for students was in the form of hardcopy papers and the system was manually done. Besides wasting time and taking efforts for preparing sheets and documents, other disadvantages may be visible to the traditional one due to loss or damage to the sheets-sheet could be stolen. The developed system considers as an alternative to the traditional one, it is easy, fast and reliable than the traditional one, especially after the development of information technology and its usage by educational institutions. Therefore, the design of a class student attendance system has a significant reality meaning. The system is an application developed for daily student attendance in departments within the university. It facilitates access to the attendance of a particular student in a particular class. This system will also help in generating reports and evaluating the attendance eligibility of a student. The system is not only improving the work efficiency, students’ study and development, but also can save human and material resources.

The paper discusses related works in the problem domain; highlights the general overview of the proposed system; details design considerations of the system, both at the hardware and software level; discusses the operation and how the system was tested in conformity to system design and functional objectives; concludes the observations made; and makes recommendations for future improvement.


1.3 Statement of the Problem

The traditional system is still mostly used in the lecture room or examination hall in most institution today. Lecturer or instructor will give out a sheet of paper containing list of student’s name to sign or in some cases, the student will be the ones to write their names, student id and matriculation number to indicate their presence for a particular class. Falsification in student attendance does occur rampantly in the traditional method. For example, another student can easily sign an attendance on behalf of another student.

In other to prevent this problem, it is necessary to develop an Authentication System for Students using fingerprint Biometric recognition that will be employed to track and keep the attendance of every student in a particular class. The fingerprint is a unique feature for everyone compare to using barcode in smart cards. Therefore, this system designed in this project work is not based on the existing barcode system. Tracking and monitoring student time of attendance could be tedious, time-consuming and more susceptible to errors.

The security of the existing attendance system that is now used in the classroom (signature system) can be easily compromised. Some students can master other student’s signature. Thereby, helping their colleague who are absent for a particular class to sign the attendance sheet using the duplicated signature. The Fingerprint Attendance monitoring system designed in this research work for the student is a more secure platform where students mark their attendance with their fingerprint.


1.4 Aim and Objectives of Study

The aim of the study is to design and develop a reliable, scalable and cost-effective Fingerprint based Student Attendance Management system. In achieving this aim, the following specific objectives were laid out as follows:

  1. To carry out the analysis of manual processes involved in class attendance and examination attendance.
  2. To design a new system for the (i) above and
  3. To implement the design using Web Based programming languages such as; HTML, CSS, JAVASCRIPT, and PHP.

1.5 Scope of the Study

The scope of this work is to develop an Attendance Management System that will improve how attendance management is done by using a fingerprint as a form authentication for proof of attending a class. The system will be a window based application developed using Web Based programming languages such as; HTML, CSS, JAVASCRIPT, and PHP as the preferred programming language for building the user interface and MySQL for database design. It does not cover other aspects of biometric.


1.6 Limitations of the Study

The efficiency of the scanner can be reduced due to the roughages in the captured images which are often caused by worn-out or cut or dirt’s found on the fingerprint. Therefore, there is every possibility that enrolled users can be rejected by the system. Also, the scanner or sensor cannot distinguish between a real and an artificial finger, therefore it is possible to fool the scanner. In addition, if an enrolled fingerprint is been duplicated or spoof, it is not possible to change fingerprint as in the case of password because of user finger biometric. Finally, since the system will be designed using Web Based programming languages, it won’t be able to run on any other platforms other than Microsoft Window operating system.


1.7 Significance of the Study

The System for Students using fingerprint Biometric will eliminate the use of paper in manual signing processes and all the risk associated with it. One of the risks of using a paper in class attendance is that it can be easily misplaced and students cheat by signing for each other not present in the class thereby defeating the aim of taking the attendance. Tracking and monitoring students’ time of attendance could be tedious, time-consuming and susceptible to error. Thus, the System will drastically reduce the time needed to verify attendance data.

The System also allows the institution management to track or investigate student class attendance in a particular course having poor attendance thereby enabling the management to rectify the situation by providing the necessary interventions. The system provides high level of security whereby making it impossible for imposters and impersonators in making their ways to examination halls. The System using fingerprint Biometric will keep historical data making it easy for lecturers to access and grade students.

Fingerprint Based Student Attendance Management System is extremely useful in institutions especially during classes, tutorials, laboratory sessions and examination during which heavy security are normally deployed to validate student’s identity in order to cob imposters, with the use of Authentication System the number of security personnel will be greatly reduced. Most lecturers’ handout sheet of paper for their class attendance, which can easily be misplaced or damaged and poses a lot of stress in cumulating grades for their students.

The system allows the lecturer to monitor each student attendance, track down truants and take the appropriate action. Thus, the system eliminates all these downsides. The Authentication system is not only useful to the institutions and lecturers alone, even the students benefit a great deal by reducing the stress in queuing up which result in delay and often time in the damage of the attendance sheet. It also prevents mistakes and anomaly that is associated with manual signing in which student that attend a class is marked as not present thereby losing the mark accorded to the particular attendance due to multiple attendance sheets.


1.8 Operational Definition of Terms

Biometrics: Is physiological or behavioral characteristics unique to individuals, this Include Fingerprint, hand geometry, handwriting, iris, retinal, vein, and voice.

PIN: Personal Identification Number.

Biometric Verification: Is any means by which a person can be uniquely identified by evaluating one or more distinguishing biological traits.

Scanner: A device for examining, reading, or monitoring something in particular..

Fingerprint Sensor: Is an electronic device used to capture a digital image of the fingerprint pattern.

Rapid Application Development: Is a concept that products can be developed faster and of higher quality.

Authentication: Is the process of determining whether someone or something is, in fact, who or what it declared to be.

CHAPTER TWO

2.0 Literature Review

2.1 Introduction

This chapter focuses on the review of related literature. A literature review includes the current knowledge as well as theoretical and methodological contributions to a particular topic. It documents the state of the art with respect to the topic you are writing. It surveys the literature in the topic selected. In this research work the literature review includes the …

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