1.1 Introduction
Electricity is of great importance to our lines and has done a lot of good to our present day society it is something we cannot do without, if we are to advance technological and otherwise. It has really helped us in the powering of our system both in our domestic homes and industries. But in our own country (Nigeria), there has been always these problems of lack of power and fluctuation in power supplied, which made me to see how I can design a circuit that can generate a source of light, eve in the absence of electricity or power from the general source of power supply (PHCN).
I decided to design and write on a rechargeable lantern, which I always use a my source of light in the absence of the major source of light. Ti is a portable lamp designed to be recharged using an alternating current (A.C) and to generate a source of light using a direct current (D.C) source.
When the system is charging using an A.C. source, the lamp will never come on which is the source of light. This is because I used light emitting diode (LED) as my source of light and it is a D.C component.
As a prelude to other parts of this study, this chapter will discuss the background upon which this study was initiated, the statement of problems that led to this study, the Aim and Objectives of the study. Others are Significance of the study, Scope of work, Limitations of the Study and Definition of technical terms.
1.2 Background of Study
In the olden days, man depended solely on sun and other local source of light as the only way out. It was a big problem mostly, at nights for he ancient men. Due to the arrival of science and technology in our society, a lot benefits have been derived.
Electricity in particular came into existence by the discovery made by our great scientist called Micheal Faraday. This electricity has been transformed and modified in different ways in our present day society, these includes as a source of a energy for cooking, source of energy to drive our engines, source of power in our homes etc.
This electricity has also been modified in further ways, originally it was only the A.C source of power that was known in our society but today through the advancement of science and technology electricity has been incorporated into a D.C source, this D.C source is mostly portable.
The DC source of energy is used in our transistor radios, cell phone, torch light and rechargeable lamps etc. The DC source in this rechargeable lamp is a rechargeable battery that has the ability to store current for a long period of time. This is equally used as a source of energy supply be connecting a required load of same voltage to its positive and negative terminals as required because it has polarities.
Therefore, in Nigeria where the research was carried out, the activities that was conducted is to know the design and construct a 6V rechargeable lamp.
1.3 Statement of Problems
Investigation revealed that in the existing system, there are improper connections of the diodes, private components in the marker because originals are difficult to be found during the construction of 6V rechargeable lamp.
1.4 Aim and Objectives of Study
The aim of the study is to design and construct a 6V rechargeable lamp. In achieving this aim, the following specific objectives were laid out as follows:
- To design a 6V lamp that will helps one to understand how to design a portable rechargeable lamp;
- To examine how a source of light will be generated in the absence of electricity or power supply; and
- To construct a rechargeable lamp that will help one to understand and how a D.C source can generate a source of light.
1.5 Significance of Study
At the completion of the proposed 6V rechargeable lamp, the constructed lamp will be relevant in the following ways:
- The constructed 6V rechargeable lamp will help mostly in the night to read effectively.
- It helps me also to use light to read in the absence of power (electricity) in the house as an emergency.
- The benefits that are derivable from it is more than the maintenance factor, I attribute it such as (no fuel required as compared with A.C generators).
This study will also be of immense benefit to other researchers who intend to know more on this study and can also be used by non-researchers to build more on their research work. This study contributes to knowledge and could serve as a guide for other study.
1.6 Scope of Study
The scope of the research is focused on the Design and Construction of a 6V Rechargeable Lamp.
1.7 Limitations of the Study
During the course of this study, many things militated against its completion, some of which are:
- Time Constraint: The time frame given to accomplish this project was very short due to school academic calendar and it was carried out under pressure which made the researcher not to implement some necessary features.
- Research material: availability of research material is a major setback to the scope of the study.
- Frequent power failure: This made the researcher append more money on fuel to ensure sustainable power.
- Financial Constraint: Insufficient fund tends to impede the efficiency of the researcher in sourcing for the relevant materials, literature or information and in the process of data collection (internet).
1.8 The Report Layout
I went a long way, in term of reading browsing and other kind of researches, in order to see how this project will be accomplished (Designing of a rechargeable lantern).
The following are the various step I passed through in order to accomplish this project.
- Theories and models relevant to rechargeable lantern
- The component involved
- The design
- The circuit diagram
- The implementation and testing
- The result
- The cost analysis
- Recommendation
- Conclusion
