Software Implementation of an IOT (Internet of Things) Based Smart Parking System

PRELIMINARY PAGES

• Title page
• Approval page
• Dedication
• Acknowledgement
• Table of Contents
• Abstract

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

• 1.1 Introduction
• 1.2 Background of Study
• 1.3 Statement of Problem
• 1.4 Aim and Objectives of the Study
• 1.5 Significance of Study
• 1.6 Scope of Study
• 1.7 Limitations of the Study
• 1.8 Definition of Terms

CHAPTER TWO

LITERATURE REVIEW

• 2.1 Introduction
• 2.2 Conceptual Review of IOT Based Smart Parking System
• 2.2.1 Overview of Vehicle Parking Registration
• 2.3 Theoretical Framework
• 2.3.1 Benefit of Having a Commercial License Plate
• 2.3.2 Urbanization and Urban Transport Condition In Nigeria
• 2.4 Types Nigerian Vehicle Plate Numbers
• 2.5 Quality of Vehicle Registration Data
• 2.6 Procedures for Obtaining Drivers License
• 2.6.1 Procedure for Obtaining Riders Identification Card
• 2.7 Dealers Licensing and Registration
• 2.8 Theoretical Review of Internet of Things (IoT) Technology
• 2.8.1 Need for IOT-Cloud Integration

CHAPTER THREE

SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND DESIGN

• 3.1 Methodology Adopted
• 3.1.1 Problem Identification Using SSADM
• 3.2 Analysis of the Existing System
• 3.2.1 Dataflow of the Existing System
• 3.2.2 Disadvantages Of The Existing System
• 3.2.3 Weakness of the existing System
• 3.3 Feasibility Study
• 3.3.1 Economic Feasibility
• 3.3.2 Technical Feasibility
• 3.3.3 Operational Feasibility
• 3.4 Analysis of the Proposed System
• 3.4.1 Data Flow Diagram of the Proposed System
• 3.4.2 Advantages of the Proposed System
• 3.4.3 Justification of the Proposed System
• 3.5 Functional Requirements
• 3.5.1 Use Case Diagram Of The Admin / User Privileges
• 3.6 Data Requirements
• 3.7 High Level Model of the Proposed System

CHAPTER FOUR

SYSTEM DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION

• 4.1 Objectives of the Design
• 4.2 Cohesion and Decomposition High level Model
• 4.3 Control Center / Overall Dataflow Diagram
• 4.3.1 Proposed System Operation Flowchart
• 4.4 System Specification and Design
• 4.4.1 Input and Output Specification
• 4.4.2 Database Specification and Design
• 4.4.3 Data Dictionary
• 4.5 Choice and Justification of Programming Language
• 4.6 Program Documentation
• 4.7 Implementation Techniques
• 4.8 Programming Module Specification
• 4.8.1 Installation
• 4.8.2 Security Design Specification
• 4.8.3 System Architecture
• 4.9 Computer Hardware Minimum Requirement
• 4.10 Software Requirement
• 4.11 Personnel / User Training

CHAPTER FIVE

SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

• 5.1 Introduction
• 5.2 Summary
• 5.3 Conclusion
• 5.4 Recommendation

REFERENCES

APPENDIX A - “SOURCE CODE”

APPENDIX B - “OBJECT PROGRAM”

1.1 Introduction

IOT Based Smart Parking System is an automatic system which delivers data processing in very high speed in systematic manner. Parking is a growing need of the time. Development of this system is very useful in this area of field. IOT Based Smart Parking System for managing the records of the incoming and outgoing vehicles in an parking house. It’s an easy for Admin to retrieve the data if the vehicle has been visited through number he can get that data. The concept of Internet of Things (IoT) started with things with identity communication devices. The devices could be tracked, controlled or monitored using remote computers connected through Internet. Consistent efforts are being made in the field of IoT in order to maximize the productivity and reliability of urban infrastructure. Problems such as, traffic congestion, limited car parking facilities and road safety are being addressed by IoT. It provides a vision where things become smart and behave alive through sensing, computing and communicating by embedded small devices which interact with remote objects or persons through connectivity (Fox, 2012).

As a prelude to other parts of this study, this chapter will discuss the background upon which this study was initiated, the statement of problems that led to this study, the Aim and Objectives of the study. Others are Significance of the study, Scope of work, Limitation of the study and Definition of technical terms.

1.2 Background of Study

Smart Parking System is a mechanical system designed to minimize the area and/or volume required for parking cars. Like a multi-story parking garage, an APS provides parking for cars on multiple levels stacked vertically to maximize the number of parking spaces while minimizing land usage. The CPS, however, utilizes a mechanical system to transport cars to and from parking spaces (rather than the driver) in order to eliminate much of the space wasted in a multi-story parking garage (Patrascu, 2010).

The smart parking system that we propose is implemented using a mobile application that is connected to the cloud. The system helps a user know the availability of parking spaces on a real time basis. The rest of the paper is organized as follows: Section II talks about the factors responsible of Cloud-IoT integration. In this IOT Based Smart Parking System, a database lists the plate numbers of users and records the duration of their use of the parking lot. An Optical Character Recognition (OCR) system is also implemented to recognize the plate numbers of the users as they enter the parking lot (Ayer et al.; Sulaiman et al., 2013). Though this limits the use of the parking lot, it increases the security of the lot which has been deemed as a reasonable trade-off.

The challenges encountered that led to the execution of the research work is that, the traffic issues due to illegal parking in the vicinity. IOT Based Smart Parking System offers a solution to both - the parking lot owner and the vehicle owner as it facilitates hassle free vehicles parking and reduces parking management costs. Parking control system has been generated in such a way that it is filled with many secure devices such as, parking control gates, toll gates, time and attendance machine, car counting system etc. These features are hereby very necessary nowadays to secure cars and also to evaluate the fee structure for every vehicles entry and exit.

1.3 Statement of Problem

Investigation revealed that the problems of the existing IOT Based Smart Parking System which are stated as follows;

1. Traffic issues due to illegal parking in the vicinity.
2. Poor maintain listing of cars within the parking lot.
3. The manual system cannot track the entry and exit of cars.
4. Inaccurate estimation of cost of per vehicle according to their time consumption.

1.4 Aim and Objectives of the Study

The aim of the study is to design and implement an IOT Based Smart Parking System/ In achieving this aim, the following specific objectives were laid out as follows to develop an application software that will:

1. Determine the cost of per vehicle according to their time consumption;
2. Track the entry and exit of cars;
3. Determine if the parking lot is full or not;
4. Maintain a listing of cars within the parking lot;
5. Enables the time management and control of vehicles using number plate recognition.

1.5 Significance of Study

The proposed IOT Based Smart Parking solution will significantly offer benefit to both the user and the parking lot owner as it helps in reducing traffic by enhancing user experience. This system supports various parking applications that can easily handle and organize the data of vehicles. To rectify the complications of parking security, our IOT Based Smart Parking System allows recognizing and validating the automobiles at both entry and exiting points.

This study will be of immense benefit to other researchers who intend to know more on this study and can also be used by non-researchers to build more on their research work. This study contributes to knowledge and could serve as a guide for other study.

1.6 Scope of Study

The scope of the research is focused on the Design and Implementation of an Internet of Things (IOT) Based Smart Parking System.

1.7 Limitations of the Study

During the course of this study, many things militated against its completion, some of which are:

1. Time Constraint: The time frame given to accomplish this project was very short due to school academic calendar and it was carried out under pressure which made the researcher not to implement some necessary features.
2. Research material: availability of research material is a major setback to the scope of the study.
3. Frequent power failure: This made the researcher append more money on fuel to ensure sustainable power.
4. Financial Constraint: Insufficient fund tends to impede the efficiency of the researcher in sourcing for the relevant materials, literature or information and in the process of data collection (internet).

1.8 Definition of Terms

Smart Parking: is an automatic system which delivers data processing in very high speed in systematic manner.

Registration: This is a one-off process of collecting a detailed data about a vehicle and its owner for identification.

Account Details - For USSD / POS Transfer

Account Name: Sparklyn Services Account No: 1222599051 Account Type: Current Bank Name: Zenith Bank PLC

Proposal Writing Format under Computer Science

Design and Implementation of an IOT (Internet of Things) Based Smart Parking System is a proposal topic for final year research work, which comprises the major and elective project proposal writing sections for Design and Implementation of an IOT (Internet of Things) Based Smart Parking System research work.

Major Sections

• Motivation for Embarking on the Project

• Brief Background of Study

• Statement of Problems

• Aim of the Study

• Specific Objectives of the Study

• Significance of the Study (Who benefits from the project and how?)

Elective Sections

• Methodology and Reason for Using It (such as; models, SSADM, or OOADM)

• Tools (programming languages and software used)