1.1 Introduction
A laser based intruder alarm system as in this project work is a security system based on the use of laser beam. Laser is an Acronym for Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation. Laser beam in light operated project works are mostly used as means of putting things ‘ON' remotely or used as trap which when obstructed results in a switching into action another operation. Burglar alarms widely use this kind of beam which is invisible to the naked eye. Ultrasound signals are also invisible but would be easily detected unlike the laser beam which becomes only visible when blocked by a plain background such as wall and so this could be used as an indicating pointer for many applications such as ammunition or target pointer for bombing aircraft or snipers. Furthermore this project intends to use the laser system as a trap which when breached by a burglar, triggers and alarm as an alternating unit
As a prelude to other parts of this study, this chapter will discuss the background upon which this study was initiated, the statement of problems that led to this study, the Aim and Objectives of the study. Others are Significance of the study, Scope of work, Limitations of the Study and Definition of technical terms.
1.2 Statement of Problems
Detecting a burglar or intruder who is very smart at what he does best is a difficult task and as such to do it without an intruder knowledge is even more difficult. How to detect an intruder without his or her knowledge is the problem needing Engineering solutions.
1.3 Aim and Objectives of Study
The aim of this project work is to design and construct a laser based intruder alarm system. In achieving this aim, the following specific objectives were set out as follows:
- To develop a laser gun using a GA as diode to generate continuous laser beam for sensing by a detector
- To develop a receiving circuit based on LDR (light dependent resistor) to detect the laser beam
- To develop a switching circuit to switch into action a specified load
- To design a 555 timer based alarm system
- To realize a suitable power supply system unit for the whole circuit
1.4 Significance of Study
The means by which our valuables are secured cannot be over emphasized as the saying security is very crucial to all. This study will be of immense benefit to other researchers who intend to know more on this study and can also be used by non-researchers to build more on their research work. This study contributes to knowledge and could serve as a guide for other study.
1.5 Scope of Study
The study focuses on the designation and construction of a laser based intruder alarm system.
1.6 Limitations of the Study
During the course of this study, many things militated against its completion, some of which are:
- Time Constraint: The time frame given to accomplish this project was very short due to school academic calendar and it was carried out under pressure which made the researcher not to implement some necessary features.
- Research material: availability of research material is a major setback to the scope of the study.
- Frequent power failure: This made the researcher append more money on fuel to ensure sustainable power.
- Financial Constraint: Insufficient fund tends to impede the efficiency of the researcher in sourcing for the relevant materials.
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