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Design and Implementation of Computerized Diagnosis System A Study of General Hospital Ishiagu

Design and Implementation of Computerized Diagnosis System

Project / Seminar Material
Reference ID: PS-5653-TM

DEDICATION

This research material titled “Design and Implementation of Computerized Diagnosis System” is dedicated to God for his enabling grace, and to all computer enthusiasts who contributed to make life a pleasant experience during my research documentation.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I extend my sincere gratitude to all those who contributed to the completion of this project. Special thanks to my Supervisor (Name of your Supervisor), the Head of Department (Name of your HOD), the Lecturers in the department of Computer Science (CS), Book Authors and Profound Scholars of existing or related project material on “Design and Implementation of Computerized Diagnosis System” for their invaluable guidance, support, and expertise throughout the journey.

I am also grateful to your study area (mention any funding organizations, if applicable) for their financial assistance. This research would not have been possible without the encouragement and assistance of some stakeholders (mention any mentors, teachers, or colleagues). Additionally, I would like to acknowledge the understanding and patience of my family and friends during this endeavor. Your unwavering support has been a constant source of motivation. Thank you all for being part of this meaningful endeavor.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PRELIMINARY PAGES


CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION


    CHAPTER TWO

    LITERATURE REVIEW

    • 2.1 Introduction

    CHAPTER THREE

    SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND DESIGN

    • 3.1 Methodology Adopted
    • 3.1.1 Problem Identification Using SSADM
    • 3.2 Analysis of the Existing System
    • 3.2.1 Dataflow of the Existing System
    • 3.2.2 Disadvantages Of The Existing System
    • 3.2.3 Weakness of the existing System
    • 3.3 Feasibility Study
    • 3.3.1 Economic Feasibility
    • 3.3.2 Technical Feasibility
    • 3.3.3 Operational Feasibility
    • 3.4 Analysis of the Proposed System
    • 3.4.1 Data Flow Diagram of the Proposed System
    • 3.4.2 Advantages of the Proposed System
    • 3.4.3 Justification of the Proposed System
    • 3.5 Functional Requirements
    • 3.5.1 Use Case Diagram Of The Admin / User Privileges
    • 3.6 Data Requirements
    • 3.7 High Level Model of the Proposed System

    CHAPTER FOUR

    SYSTEM DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION

    • 4.1 Objectives of the Design
    • 4.2 Cohesion and Decomposition High level Model
    • 4.3 Control Center / Overall Dataflow Diagram
    • 4.3.1 Proposed System Operation Flowchart
    • 4.4 System Specification and Design
    • 4.4.1 Input and Output Specification
    • 4.4.2 Database Specification and Design
    • 4.4.3 Data Dictionary
    • 4.5 Choice and Justification of Programming Language
    • 4.6 Program Documentation
    • 4.7 Implementation Techniques
    • 4.7.1 System Testing
    • 4.8 Programming Module Specification
    • 4.8.1 Installation
    • 4.9 Computer Hardware Minimum Requirement
    • 4.10 Software Requirement
    • 4.11 Personnel / User Training
    • 4.12 File Maintenance Module

    CHAPTER FIVE

    SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

    • 5.1 Introduction
    • 5.2 Summary
    • 5.3 Conclusion
    • 5.4 Recommendation

    REFERENCES

    APPENDIX A - “SOURCE CODE”

    APPENDIX B - “OBJECT PROGRAM”

    ABSTRACT

    This project, electronic diagnosis system, is a software system tailored for use in the diagnosis and analysis of diseases. The software is an expert system with a database containing an expert knowledge. The user only uses it to determine whether he or she has any of the diseases within its domain. The software has been designed to be interactive with audio capability eliciting from the user if they have symptoms of the diseases. The user response helps the expert system to determine the level at which the disease is present. The user is further advised on what next to do. This software is implemented in visual basic programming environment, Health care facility should be accessible by all at all time. But some of the people that should access these facilities are far removed from these facilities. It would be of great necessity to provide a computerized system that will provide a complementary medical service, such as medical disease diagnosis in places where accessibility is a problem as well as health care facilities where qualified experts are lacking, hence this topic, design and implementation of electronic diagnosis system.This project, electronic diagnosis system, is a software system tailored for use in the diagnosis and analysis of diseases. The software is an expert system with a database containing an expert knowledge. The user only uses it to determine whether he or she has any of the diseases within its domain. The software has been designed to be interactive with audio capability eliciting from the user if they have symptoms of the diseases. The user response helps the expert system to determine the level at which the disease is present. The user is further advised on what next to do. This software is implemented in visual basic programming environment, Health care facility should be accessible by all at all time. But some of the people that should access these facilities are far removed from these facilities. It would be of great necessity to provide a computerized system that will provide a complementary medical service, such as medical disease diagnosis in places where accessibility is a problem as well as health care facilities where qualified experts are lacking, hence this topic, design and implementation of electronic diagnosis system.


    Design and Implementation of Computerized Diagnosis System (A Study of General Hospital Ishiagu)

    CHAPTER ONE

    1.1 Introduction

    Since the introduction of electronic devices into the medical world, the functions and operations of the medical world have been easy with most of the electronica device that are in place to assist the medical personnel in there diagnosis and analysis of patients in various medical illness. Now doctors and nurses or any medical personnel can now carry out a test on a patients and get the analysis from the device used in diagnosing the patience which are electronic apparatus or device, giving numerous advantages over the previous daces of manual means of disease and illness.There is a wide array of electronic devices used to test and diagnose patients.Below is an insight explanation of the differences and different types of equipment used by medical experts or medical technicians for diagnosis.


    Digital Mammographic X-ray System

    Digital Mammographic X-ray System, Brestige is a full field digital mammography system used for screening and diagnosing breast cancer.


    Medical Handpiec e(For Dental Laboratory)

    MICRO-NX produces products that are used in clinic and dental laboratory. Their main product is Handpiece that is main material for making implant


    Thermometer

    The practical development of a thermometer suitable for measurement of body temperature dates back to 1625. Whilst internal sounds from the body have been observed by physicians since the time of the Romans, the stethoscope dates back to the 19th Century, in a form reasonably similar to the present.


    Advantage of electronic diagnosis system

    1. Improved diagnosis and treatment
    2. Significantly fewer errors found within personal health records
    3. Faster care and decision making responses from assigned medical professionals
    4. Improved results management and patient care with a reduction in errors within your medical practice
    5. Reduced operational costs such as transcription services and overtime labor expenses

    The development of electronics, and particularly that of computers has made possible many of the technologies which we shall examine.

    Firstly, computers are the central elements involved in processing signals in many cases, and particularly those obtained from images. The special nature of the processing required to obtain the image improvements required and the consequential flexibility in their application mean that the complexity of the algorithms for processing would be excessive unless software was used for managing the process. Medical image processing frequently requires that different views may need to be synthesised in the examination of a condition relating to eachparticular patient. The exact form of the views may be difficult to predict, so computers provide the ideal platform for their analysis.

    Secondly the increasing use of computers in medical applications has led to an ever increasing capability to retain medical data. This may be used to facilitate health care planning and to provide for a reliable storage of patient related data which may be readily recovered. They also provide the ability to communicate data using standardised mechanisms which we may expect will increasingly allow data to be acquired in one location and viewed at another.

    Finally computers have potential for providing us with systems which mimic the diagnostic processes employed by physicians. Pilot systems which can provide some diagnostic assistance have been tried for a number of years in certain areas both within and outside medicine.


    1.2 Background Of The Study

    An expert system or electronic diagnose system is a software hardware system that attempts to reproduce the performance of one or more human experts, most commonly in a specific problem domain, and is a traditional application and/or subfield of artificial intelligence. A wide variety of methods can be used to simulate the performance of the expert however common to most or all are

    1) The creation of a so-called “knowledgebase” which uses some knowled+'ge representation formalism to capture the subject matter experts (SME) knowledge and

    2) A process of gathering that knowledge from the SME and codifying it according to the formalism, which is called knowledge engineering. Expert systems may or may not have learning components but a third common element is that once the system is developed it is proven by being placed in the same real world problem solving situation as the human SME, typically as an aid to human workers or a supplement to some information system.

    As a premiere application of computing and artificial intelligence, the topic of expert systems has many points of contact with general systems theory, operations research, business process reengineering and various topics in applied mathematics and management science.

    Two illustrations of actual expert systems can give an idea of how they work. In one real world case at a chemical refinery a senior employee was about to retire and the company was concerned that the loss of his expertise in managing a fractionating tower would severely impact operations of the plant. A knowledge engineer was assigned to produce an expert system reproducing his expertise saving the company the loss of the valued knowledge asset. Similarly a system called Mycin was developed from the expertise of best diagnosticians of bacterial infections whose performance was found to be as good as or better than the average clinician. An early commercial success and illustration of another typical application (a task generally considered overly complex for a human) was an expert system fielded by DEC in the 1980s to quality check the configurations of their computers prior to delivery. The eighties were the time of greatest popularity of expert systems and interest lagged after the onset of the AI Winter.

    In like manner, developing one of such system to represent the repository of the knowledge of a medical doctor is as essential as any other expert system. To this end, this project, Expert System on the Diagnosis of non communicable diseases is a necessity.


    1.2 Statement Of The Problem

    Health care facility should be accessible by all at all times. But some of the people that should access these facilities are far removed from these facilities. More so, in the few available facilities, qualified medical personnel are always key issues that need urgent redress.

    In view of the foregoing, it would be of great necessity to provide a computerized system that will provide a complementary medical service, such as medical disease diagnosis in places where accessibility is a problem as well as health care facilities where qualified experts are lacking, hence this topic, Expert System or electronic diagnosis system on some medical illness and disease.


    1.3 Objectives Of The Study

    The major objective of this work is to develop an expert system on diagnosis of non-communicable diseases.

    It also targets towards contributing to academic research work.

    1. To develop modern interactive diagnostic software that will aid clinicians in diagnostic procedures.
    2. To offer prescription of medication.
    3. To enable flexibility in access to information through the World Wide Web or comprehensive knowledge bases.
    4. It is also to ascertain whether the diseases could be diagnosed based on signs and symptoms.
    5. It will also examine a patient based on simple clinical signs, and to improve family and community health

    1.4 Significance Of The Study

    If this prototype is fully developed will be very useful in many areas such as:

    1. It will help to retain the skill of an expert medical doctor in case of any eventuality;
    2. It can support academic development;
    3. It can be useful in many hospitals, both private and government, cases where the expert is not on seat;
    4. It can also be used in the laboratory for quick research work.

    1.5 Scope Of The Project

    The scope of this work will include the following

    1. A dynamic database system that can act as a knowledge based system
    2. A complete model of an expert system to portray sample troubleshooter
    3. Explore the power of visual basic in data handling
    4. To implement a dynamic search system

    1.6 Limitations Of The Study

    The major constraint faced during the implementation of this work was finance. This is among other frustrations such as program failures during modular construction stages. Time was another important factor that limited the extent to which I want to research.


    1.7 Definition Of Terms/Variables


    Diagnose:

    The identifying of an illness or disorder in a patient through physical examination, medical tests, or other procedures


    Medical:

    Relating to medicine, physical examination to determine health: a physical examination by a doctor to check


    Communicable:

    A communicable disease that can be passed from one person


    Expert:

    Somebody with a great deal of knowledge, skill, training, or experience in a particular field or activity − a medical expert


    Knowledge-based:

    Information system that store wealth of ones knowledge


    Symptoms:

    Signs of an ill health

    CHAPTER TWO

    2.0 Literature Review

    2.1 Introduction

    This chapter focuses on the review of related literature. A literature review includes the current knowledge as well as theoretical and methodological contributions to a particular topic. It documents the state of the art with respect to the topic you are writing. It surveys the literature in the topic selected. In this research work the literature review includes the …

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