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Design and Implementation of Lighting Switching Control System Interface

Design and Implementation of Lighting Switching Control System (Interface)

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Reference ID: PS-1516-TM

DEDICATION

This research work titled "Design and Implementation of Lighting Switching Control System (Interface)" is dedicated to God for his enabling grace and to all computer enthusiasts who help to make life a pleasant experience.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I owe my indebtedness to my Supervisor (Name of your Supervisor), the Head of Department (Name of your HOD), the Lecturers in the department of Science and Engineering, Book Authors and Profound Scholars of existing/related research material for your moral support that facilitated the successful completion of my (Tertiary Institution level). I am grateful to God Almighty and my parent for their financial support in my career. I really appreciate you all for everything, Thank you very much.


Design and Implementation of Lighting Switching Control System (Interface)

CHAPTER ONE

1.1 Introduction

Switching control is a good replacement for conventional pneumatic or Electro chemical high voltage AC control. This equipment is capable of not only control but energy management and system diagnostic functions. The PC control in inherently has more accurate control because it reduces maintenance and recalibration problems common with pneumatic and mechanical systems. It offers other unique advantages like subsystem coordination, optimum start, diversity analysis and retrofit identification. The importance of light to every mankind cannot be over emphasized, even when the earth was created; the earth was illuminated with light which makes it a place of living. This means, without light, the whole world is in darkness and as a result of this, living things be it plants, animals or human beings cannot exist. Since the invention of electrical energy for lighting, it is quite obvious that it requires human intervention to control the switch either off when not in use or ONM when the need arises.

As a prelude to other parts of this study, this chapter will discuss the background upon which this study was initiated, the statement of problems that led to this study, the Aim and Objectives of the study. Others are Significance of the study, Scope of work, Limitations of the Study and Definition of technical terms.


1.2 Background of Study

Traditionally, high control in home and office environments takes place through switches (on/off), deals and sliders (dimmers) and sometimes motion sensors. These controls can be incorporated in the built environment such as walls, or attached to lights that people place themselves (desk lamps, bed side lights). This often leads to a jumble of controls each with their own location, interaction style, and focus.

The proposed system is a demonstration of how a PC can be used as a control signal generation subsystem capable of generating programmable control signals for power equipment. Early studies reveal that using PC for power management was often fou7nd to be up to 25% more than energy star compliant methods. However, recent assessments have found higher rates, and was estimated that for power management.

This design begins with the fact that a computer is needed to light bulbs of high AC rating. This immediately suggests that an interface of the PC is needed to handle the mismatch in voltage and currents between the PC and bulbs. Secondly the control data from the PC program are logic levels in serial format and at high frequency. This again means that the interface should understand the protocol of communication and convert it to the necessary parallel control singed.

Due to lack of resources, the project will not be real but simulated. This system will represent for more than just manual on/off control. The system comprises of two major components, output device, and input device. Output devices work behind the scenes to control the lights by switching them off or on. Input device are the switcher i.e. The button or sensors.


1.3 Statement of Problem

Investigation revealed that the existing system has no prior information whether a bulb is dead or not, there is always a problem of one or two poles using one switch. That is each pole with a switch which could amount to lots of expenses and each pole with their own switch and location.

Also, it consumes ones time in the sense that one will more from one pole to another. Just to put one or off the light.


1.4 Aim and Objectives of the Study

The aim of the study is to design and implement a Lighting Switching Control System (Interface). In achieving this aim, the following specific objectives were laid out as follows to develop an application software that will:

  1. Use a serial interface hardware built on microcontroller and max 232 serial converters;
  2. Control, manage and diagnose energy system diagnostic functions;
  3. Keep track of all lighting activities, especially bulbs;
  4. Help reduce the cost of prepaid meter utilization; and
  5. Ensure that the high negative -15 volts and + 15 volts of the serial RS232 comport is converted and programmed to suit the CPC logic levels.

1.5 Significance of Study

The proposed system is relevant considering the fat that only a push of a button can switch off or on the light connected within the system. With this system, one can easily be on his/her bed and switch off or on the lights. The system is safe therefore children can also switch off or on the light when their parents or guardians are not close. The system is very necessary in the sense that it gives you what you want at any needed time. The system also keeps track of all activities (bulb).

This study will be of immense benefit to other researchers who intend to know more on this study and can also be used by non-researchers to build more on their research work. This study contributes to knowledge and could serve as a guide for other study.


1.6 Scope of Study

The scope of the research is focused on the Design and Implementation of Lighting Switching Control System (Interface).


1.7 Limitations of the Study

During the course of this study, many things militated against its completion, some of which are:

  1. Time Constraint: The time frame given to accomplish this project was very short due to school academic calendar and it was carried out under pressure which made the researcher not to implement some necessary features.
  2. Establishment Policies: Establishment policies posed a serious limitation as most staffs are not ready to release information needed for this project work. There were lots of information needed from the staffs of this institution to enhance the study which took them time to release or they did not release at all for security purposes, hence the scope was reduced.
  3. Research material: availability of research material is a major setback to the scope of the study.
  4. Frequent power failure: This made the researcher append more money on fuel to ensure sustainable power.
  5. Financial Constraint: Insufficient fund tends to impede the efficiency of the researcher in sourcing for the relevant materials, literature or information and in the process of data collection (internet).

1.8 Definition of Terms

Management: It is the co-ordination of all the resources of an Organization through the process of planning, Organization, directing and controlling

System: Physical component of a computer that is used to perform certain task.

Data: Numbers, Text or image which is in the form suitable for Storage in or processing by a computer, or incomplete information.

Information: A meaning full material derived from computer data by organizing it and interpreting it in a specified way.

Electrochemical: describe a mechanical device that is powered or controlled by electricity. Relating machines powered by electricity.

Pneumatic: the branch of physics with the mechanical properties of air and other gases.

Retrofit Identification: To modify something such as a machine or a building by adding newly developed parts or devices that were not available where the machine or building was made.

System: Set of computer equipment and programs used together for a particular purpose.

CHAPTER TWO

2.0 Literature Review

2.1 Introduction

This chapter focuses on the review of related literature. A literature review includes the current knowledge as well as theoretical and methodological contributions to a particular topic. It documents the state of the art with respect to the topic you are writing. It surveys the literature in the topic selected. In this research work the literature review includes the …

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