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Effective Internal Control Measures as Tools for Transparency Probity and Accountability in the Management of Public Resources

Effective Internal Control Measures as Tools for Transparency, Probity and Accountability in the Management of Public Resources

Project / Seminar Material
Reference ID: PS-10782-TM

DEDICATION

This research material titled “Effective Internal Control Measures as Tools for Transparency, Probity and Accountability in the Management of Public Resources” is dedicated to God for his enabling grace, and to all computer enthusiasts who contributed to make life a pleasant experience during my research documentation.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I extend my sincere gratitude to all those who contributed to the completion of this project. Special thanks to my Supervisor (Name of your Supervisor), the Head of Department (Name of your HOD), the Lecturers in the department of Accounting and Finance, Book Authors and Profound Scholars of existing or related project material on “Effective Internal Control Measures as Tools for Transparency, Probity and Accountability in the Management of Public Resources” for their invaluable guidance, support, and expertise throughout the journey.

I am also grateful to your study area (mention any funding organizations, if applicable) for their financial assistance. This research would not have been possible without the encouragement and assistance of some stakeholders (mention any mentors, teachers, or colleagues). Additionally, I would like to acknowledge the understanding and patience of my family and friends during this endeavor. Your unwavering support has been a constant source of motivation. Thank you all for being part of this meaningful endeavor.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PRELIMINARY PAGES


CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION


    CHAPTER TWO

    LITERATURE REVIEW

    • 2.1 Introduction
    • 2.2 Conceptual Review
    • 2.3 Theoretical Framework
    • 2.4 Empirical Studies

    CHAPTER THREE

    RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

    • 3.1 Introduction
    • 3.2 Research Design
    • 3.3 Population of Study
    • 3.4 Sampling and Sampling Technique
    • 3.5 Validation of Research Instrument
    • 3.6 Method of Data Collection
    • 3.7 Method of Data Analysis
    • 3.8 Questionnaire Administration
    • 3.9 Ethical Consideration
    • 3.10 Statistical Analysis

    CHAPTER FOUR

    DATA ANALYSIS, RESULT AND DISCUSSION

    • 4.1 Introduction
    • 4.2 Presentation and Analysis of Data
    • 4.3 Re-statement of Research Questions
    • 4.4 Test of Hypotheses
    • 4.5 Discussion of Findings

    CHAPTER FIVE

    SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

    • 5.1 Introduction
    • 5.2 Summary of Findings
    • 5.3 Conclusion
    • 5.4 Recommendation
    • 5.5 Suggestion for Further Study

    REFERENCES

    APPENDIX A - “QUESTIONNAIRE”

    ABSTRACT

    The research work (Effective internal control measures as tools for probity, Transparency and accountability in the management of public resources) will identify the problems that lead to frond and mismanagement of public resources in local Government(s) The main objective of this project is to evaluate the role played by the management in resolving the inadequacy of internal control towards the achievement of planned objectives. The methodologies that will be adopted for the research are: self-administered internal control questionnaire, oral interviews, observation and literature review. For the fact that there is no project without limitations, the following constraint will be encountered financial constraints, lack of cooperation by some respondents and time constraints. In order to ensure probity and accountability in local government system internal check method should be used to organize the enter operations of office and the duties of the respective staff.


    Effective Internal Control Measures as Tools for Transparency, Probity and Accountability in the Management of Public Resources

    CHAPTER ONE


    Introduction

    1.1 Background Of The Study

    The need for effective internal control measures as tools for transparency, probity and accountability in the management of public resources cannot be over emphasized. This starts from the fact that right from the creation of the world, means in-seniority cannot be compromised. As a result of that, there is need to make rules or laws guiding financial management or internal control for proper discharge of responsibilities.

    Thus, internal rules and regulations, financial laws, constitutions, criminal coders, audit Act of 1958, appropriate Act, treasury circulars and Audit circulars, represent steps forwards in trying to control man’s management of public resources.

    Corruption in Nigeria has earned for itself official recognition. The level of corruption has become so alarming that Nigeria’s reputation is being denoted abroad. This informs the reasons for the formation of anti-corruption Act by the present government headed by president Olusegun Obasanjo whose seal on the issue assisted in the early drafting of the anti-corruption will which later passed into law, having gone through the legislative process. The law to be cited as prohibition and punishment of bribery, corruption and other related offences act is meant to curb all forms of social, economic, politically corruption that has continually (hinder the growth of the ratio undermine public accountability, transparency and probity in the management of public resources.

    The act is to be implemented through independent corrupt practices and Allied offences commission to be headed and composed of men and women of high integrity and transparent honesty to be appointed by the president, subject to the approval of the relational Assembly. However, experience in the past has shown that more often than not, those entrusted with the duty of enforcing or preserving any state law break and undermine such laws. This has been described as ‘Nigerian” factor?

    The installation of an efficient internal control mechanism into the public sector management are important steps assuring the general public the accountability and transparency of public officials for their stewardship as custodians of public resources.


    1.2 Statement Of Problems

    The term mismanagement, misappropriation, misapplication and embezzlement are synonymous Mismanagement or misappropriate is the unauthorized, improper and unlawful use of fund or other properties for purpose other than that for which it is intended.

    To give impression that fraud, embezzlement, misapplication of public fund suit because of lack of internal control, in government as claimed by the conference of the federal and state auditor general in Nigeria in their preface to “exposure daft” on public sector, internal control standard in May 1998 was uncharitable. The internal auditor passes salaries vouchers. Therefore, fraud and mismanagement of fraud does not exist because of absence of internal control but because operators have decided to set the control aside for selfish immediate benefit, irrespective of its consequence to a local government or the nation.

    The following are issues, which lead to fraud and misappropriation of local government(s) fund:

    1. Borrowing of funds for capital projects, only to be misappropriated by the three wise-men-chairman, secretary and treasurer.
    2. Misrepresentation of actual receipt of funds from federal accounts and VAT receipts.
    3. Questionable overhead expenditure on security.
    4. Illegal overhead expenditure.
    5. Payment of council funds fictitious projects.
    6. Payment of council fund for the jobs not recounted.
    7. Over pricing by works officers of direct labour job contracts.
    8. 8. Misappropriation of local government(S) fund through collusion of chairman, secretary and treasurer.
    9. Inflation of salary bills by the three wise-men.
    10. Misappropriation of special greats from the federal or state or their agencies.

    The above issues account for nearly 100% of the cases of fraud and misappropriation of fund from local government.


    1.3 Objectives Of The Study

    In view of the over view of the study and statement of problems already discussed, this work aims at achieving the following objectives:

    1. To identify the problems and the causes of the problems of internal control in the local government(s).
    2. To evaluate the roles played by the management in resolving the inadequacy or ineffectiveness of internal control towards the achievement of planned objectives of the local government(s) council.

    CHAPTER TWO

    2.0 Literature Review

    2.1 Introduction

    This chapter focuses on the review of related literature. A literature review includes the current knowledge as well as theoretical and methodological contributions to a particular topic. It documents the state of the art with respect to the topic you are writing. It surveys the literature in the topic selected. In this research work the literature review includes the …

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