1.1 Introduction
Pest management is an ecosystem approach to crop production and protection that combines different management strategies and practices to grow healthy crops and minimize the use of pesticides (FAO, 2012). The existence of historically zoonotic diseases, and the periodic appearance of new animal origin transmissible diseases to humans with or without a vector, undeniably recalls the place that occupies animals in the dissemination and spread of pathogens (Calistri et al., 2013). Pest management as a method of rationalizing pesticide use to prevent or delay the resurgence of pest populations, that had become resistant to pesticides, and to protect beneficial insects. Today, concerns about pesticide residues in the food chain and in the environment have led to alternative definitions that exclude the use of conventional pesticides. Nevertheless, there are broad agreements on the core principles of Pest management (Alastair, 2003). A pesticide is a toxic chemical substance or a mixture of substances or biological agents that are intentionally released into the environment in order to avert, deter, control and/or kill and destroy populations of insects, weeds, rodents, fungi or other harmful pests.
As a prelude to other parts of this study, this chapter will discuss the background upon which this study was initiated, the statement of problems that led to this study, the Aim and Objectives of the study. Others are Significance of the study, Scope of work, Research questions, Limitations of the Study and Definition of technical terms.
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