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Hydraulic Modeling and Optimization of Waste Stabilization Pond Design for Developing Nations

Hydraulic Modeling and Optimization of Waste Stabilization Pond Design for Developing Nations

Project / Seminar Material
Reference ID: PS-12907-TM

DEDICATION

This research material titled “Hydraulic Modeling and Optimization of Waste Stabilization Pond Design for Developing Nations” is dedicated to God for his enabling grace, and to all computer enthusiasts who contributed to make life a pleasant experience during my research documentation.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I extend my sincere gratitude to all those who contributed to the completion of this project. Special thanks to my Supervisor (Name of your Supervisor), the Head of Department (Name of your HOD), the Lecturers in the department of Civil Engineering, Book Authors and Profound Scholars of existing or related project material on “Hydraulic Modeling and Optimization of Waste Stabilization Pond Design for Developing Nations” for their invaluable guidance, support, and expertise throughout the journey.

I am also grateful to your study area (mention any funding organizations, if applicable) for their financial assistance. This research would not have been possible without the encouragement and assistance of some stakeholders (mention any mentors, teachers, or colleagues). Additionally, I would like to acknowledge the understanding and patience of my family and friends during this endeavor. Your unwavering support has been a constant source of motivation. Thank you all for being part of this meaningful endeavor.

ABSTRACT

Wastewater stabilization ponds (WSPs) have been identified and are used extensively to provide wastewater treatment throughout the world. It is often preferred to the conventional treatment systems due to its higher performance in terms of pathogen removal, its low maintenance and operational cost. A review of the literature revealed that there has been limited understanding on the fact that the hydraulics of waste stabilization ponds is critical to their optimization. The research in this area has been relatively limited and there is an inadequate understanding of the flow behavior that exists within these systems.

This work therefore focuses on the hydraulic study of a laboratory-scale model WSP, operated under a controlled environment using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modelling and an identified optimization tools for WSP. A field scale prototype pond was designed for wastewater treatment using a typical residential institution as a case study. This was reduced to a laboratory-scale model using dimensional analysis. The laboratory-scale model was constructed and experiments were run on them using the wastewater taken from the university wastewater treatment facility. The study utilized Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) coupled with an optimization program to efficiently optimize the selection of the best WSP configuration that satisfy specific minimum cost objective without jeopardizing the treatment efficiency.

This was done to assess realistically the hydraulic performance and treatment efficiency of scaled WSP under the effect of varying ponds configuration, number of baffles and length to width ratio. Six different configurations including the optimized designs were tested in the laboratory to determine the effect of baffles and pond configurations on the effluent characteristics. The verification of the CFD model was based on faecal coliform inactivation and other pollutant removal that was obtained from the experimental data. The results of faecal coliform concentration at the outlets showed that the conventional 70% pond-width baffles is not always the best pond configuration as previously reported in the literature. Several other designs generated by the optimization tool shows that both shorter and longer baffles ranging between 49% and 83% for both single and multiobjective optimizations could improve the hydraulic efficiency of the ponds with different variation in depths and pond sizes.

The inclusion of odd and even longitudinal baffle arrangement which has not been previously reported shows that this configuration could improve the hydraulic performance of WSP. A sensitivity analysis was performed on the model parameters to determine the influence of first order constant (k) and temperature (T) on the design configurations. The results obtained from the optimization algorithm considering all the parameters showed that changing the two parameters had effect on the effluent faecal coliform and the entire pond configurations.

This work has verified its use to the extent that it can be realistically applied for the efficient assessment of alternative baffle, inlet and outlet configurations, thereby, addressing a major knowledge gap in waste stabilization pond design. The significance of CFD model results is that water and wastewater design engineers and regulators can use CFD to reasonably assess the hydraulic performance in order to reduce significantly faecal coliform concentrations and other wastewater pollutants to achieve the required level of pathogen reduction for either restricted or unrestricted crop irrigation.

Hydraulic Modeling and Optimization of Waste Stabilization Pond Design for Developing Nations

CHAPTER ONE

1.1 Introduction

… As a prelude to other parts of this study, this chapter will discuss the background upon which this study was initiated, the statement of problems that led to this study, the Aim and Objectives of the study. Others are Significance of the study, Scope of work, Research hypothesis and questions, Limitation of the study and Definition of technical terms.

…

CHAPTER TWO

2.0 Literature Review

2.1 Introduction

This chapter focuses on the review of related literature. A literature review includes the current knowledge as well as theoretical and methodological contributions to a particular topic. It documents the state of the art with respect to the topic you are writing. It surveys the literature in the topic selected. In this research work the literature review includes the …

Summary Headlines for Hydraulic Modeling and Optimization of Waste Stabilization Pond Design for Developing Nations



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