1.1 Introduction
Industrial Filtration is a process whereby solid particles present in a suspension are separated from the liquid or gas employing a porous medium, which retains the solids but allows the fluid to pass through. When the proportion of solids in a liquid is less, the term clarification is used. It is a common operation which is widely employed in production of sterile products, bulk drugs, and in liquid oral formulation. The suspension to be filtered is known as slurry. The accumulated solids on the filter are referred as filter cake & the clear liquid passing through the filter is filtrate. The pores of the filter medium are smaller than the size of particles to be separated. Filter medium like filter paper or muslin cloth is placed on a support. When feed is passed over the filter medium, the fluid flows through the filter medium by virtue of a pressure differential across the filter. Gravity is acting on the liquid column (Sambhamurthy, 2005).
As a prelude to other parts of this study, this chapter will discuss the background upon which this study was initiated, the statement of problems that led to this study, the Aim and Objectives of the study. Others are Significance of the study, Scope of work, Limitations of the Study and Definition of technical terms.
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