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Influence of Domestic Violence and Broken Homes on Adolescents Academic Performance

Influence of Domestic Violence and Broken Homes on Adolescents' Academic Performance

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Reference ID: PS-1764-TM

DEDICATION

This research work titled "Influence of Domestic Violence and Broken Homes on Adolescents’ Academic Performance" is dedicated to God for his enabling grace and to all computer enthusiasts who help to make life a pleasant experience.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I owe my indebtedness to my Supervisor (Name of your Supervisor), the Head of Department (Name of your HOD), the Lecturers in the department of Psychology, Book Authors and Profound Scholars of existing/related research material for your moral support that facilitated the successful completion of my (Tertiary Institution level). I am grateful to God Almighty and my parent for their financial support in my career. I really appreciate you all for everything, Thank you very much.


Influence of Domestic Violence and Broken Homes on Adolescents’ Academic Performance

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PRELIMINARY PAGES


CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

  • 1.1 Introduction
  • 1.2 Background of Study
  • 1.3 Statement of Problems
  • 1.4 Aim and Objectives of Study
  • 1.5 Research Questions
  • 1.6 Research Hypothesis
  • 1.7 Significance of Study
  • 1.8 Scope of Study
  • 1.9 Limitations of the Study
  • 1.10 Operational Definitions of Terms

CHAPTER TWO

LITERATURE REVIEW

  • 2.1 Introduction
  • 2.2 Conceptual Review
  • 2.3 Effects of Broken Home on Students' Academic Achievement
  • 2.4 Theoretical Framework
  • 2.4.1 Causes of Broken Homes
  • 2.4.2 Students’ Academic Adjustment in Broken Homes
  • 2.4.3 Consequences of Domestic Violence
  • 2.4.4 Forms of Domestic Violence
  • 2.5 Factors Contributing to Domestic Violence
  • 2.6 Effects of Domestic Violence (DV)
  • 2.7 Empirical Studies

CHAPTER THREE

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

  • 3.1 Introduction
  • 3.2 Research Design
  • 3.3 Population of Study
  • 3.4 Sampling and Sampling Technique
  • 3.5 Validation of Research Instrument
  • 3.6 Method of Data Collection
  • 3.7 Method of Data Analysis
  • 3.8 Questionnaire
  • 3.8.1 Interview
  • 3.8.2 Key Informants Interview
  • 3.8.3 Observation
  • 3.9 Ethical Consideration
  • 3.10 Statistical Analysis

CHAPTER FOUR

DATA ANALYSIS, RESULT AND DISCUSSION

  • 4.1 Introduction
  • 4.2 Presentation and Analysis of Data
  • 4.3 Re-statement of Research Questions
  • 4.4 Test of Hypothesis 1
  • 4.5 Test of Hypothesis 2
  • 4.6 Test of Hypothesis 3
  • 4.7 Test of Hypothesis 4
  • 4.8 Discussion of Findings

CHAPTER FIVE

SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

  • 5.1 Introduction
  • 5.2 Summary of Findings
  • 5.3 Conclusion
  • 5.4 Recommendation

REFERENCES

APPENDIX A - “QUESTIONNAIRE”

ABSTRACT

Broken home is a place where the parents engage themselves in quarrelling, fighting, suspecting, keeping late hours to the detriment of the children’s primary drive for food, sleep and other basic needs. The study was carried out to investigate the Influence of Domestic Violence and Broken Homes on Adolescents’ Academic Performance in Jalingo educational zone in Taraba state. In achieving this aim, the following specific objectives were laid out to examine the influence of gender on adolescents’ academic performance and determine if there is any joint influence of domestic violence and broken home on adolescents’ academic performance. Investigation revealed that students from broken homes encounter emotional challenges such as frustration, depression and de-motivation, lack of emotional support, low self-esteem and self-concept. The study employed the survey design and the purposive sampling technique to select 250 staff from SSS 1-3 level. A well-constructed questionnaire, which was adjudged valid and reliable, was used for collection of data from the respondents. Primary data were collected from the primary source which questionnaire was used as an instrument of data collection while secondary data were sources from textbooks, journals, newspapers and the internet were employed. The data were presented on a frequency distribution table and analyzed using simple percentage, while hypothesis was tested using chi-square test. The findings of the study will be of immense benefits to students, teachers, policy makers, marriage counselors and future researchers. Based on the findings, it is recommended that parents should consider the implications of broken homes, especially divorce in areas of academic, emotional, social and adjustments especially, in senior secondary schools. Also, governments should create awareness on the ills of broken homes on the academic, emotional and social adjustments of students through training, workshops and seminars.


Influence of Domestic Violence and Broken Homes on Adolescents’ Academic Performance

CHAPTER ONE

1.1 Introduction

A home is defined as a place of abode, habitation or a house, flat and any other physical apartment where an individual resides with his/her family. A home is equally a place where a child is raised by his parents or guardians. Broken homes exist where children are left to their own ideas and solutions due to lack of care, affection and control by their parents (Omoruyi, 2014). Broken homes are thus, affected by divorce, separation, death of one or both of the parents, desertion or single-parenthood. Terms such as adopted children, divorce, separation and parental deprivation are usually associated with broken homes and their associated with academic, emotional and social adjustments of children from such homes, where lives can be awesome for them (Akuto, 2017).

As a prelude to other parts of this study, this chapter will discuss the background upon which this study was initiated, the statement of problems that led to this study, the Aim and Objectives of the study. Others are Significance of the study, Scope of work, Research hypothesis and questions, Limitations of the Study and Definition of technical terms.


1.2 Background of Study

Broken home as a place where the parents engage themselves in quarrelling, fighting, suspecting, keeping late hours to the detriment of the children’s primary drive for food, sleep and other basic needs (Egbo, 2012). The home is an essential place in the upbringing of a child as the first environment within a family. The home, which is the traditional nuclear family, is the smallest unit and microcosm of the larger society (Anderson cited in Ekeke and Dorgu, 2014). Therefore, the family is a universal organization and it is hard to imagine how society can function without the family. The family lays the foundation for the child before the child goes to school, and the personality that the child takes to school is determined by the home. The family has great influence on child's physical, academic and moral development.

Agulana (2000) pointed out that the family lays the psychological, moral, and spiritual foundation in the overall development of the child. Thus the home is faced with great responsibility that requires the full cooperation of both parents who must ensure the total development of their children. Domestic violence against women and girls continues unabated in every continent, country and culture. It takes a devastating toll on women‘s lives, on their families, and on society as a whole. Most societies prohibit such violence- yet the reality is that too often; it is covered up or tacitly condoned (UN, 2007). Domestic violence has been identified as an issue of global concern (Adekeye, 2008). While the level of violence against Nigerian women remains poorly mapped, in a report, more than two-fifths of women (43%) and almost one third of men (30%) agree that a husband is justified in beating his wife for certain reasons (National Demographic and Health Survey-NDHS, 2008).

Domestic violence against women occurs in all social and economic classes, but women with low socio-economic status are more likely to experience violence (Adekeye, 2008). As noted by Abama & Kwaja (2009), more research is needed to fully understand the connections between poverty and violence against women. It is clear that poverty and its associated stressors are important contributors. A number of theories about why this is so have been explored. Men in difficult economic circumstances (e.g. unemployment, little job autonomy, low socioeconomic status or blocked advancement due to lack of education) may resort to violence out of frustration, and a sense of hopelessness, a condition akin to displacement in psychoanalysis.

According to Birdsall, et al (2004), poor women who experience violence may have fewer resources to escape violence in the home. Structurally, family/homes are either broken or intact. A broken home in this context is one that is not structurally intact, as a result of divorce, separation, death of one of parent and illegitimacy. Frazer (2004) posits that psychological home conditions arise mainly from illegitimacy of children, the label of adopted child, broken homes, divorce and parental deprivation. Such abnormal conditions of the home are likely to have a detrimental effect on school performance of the child. Life in a broken home or single parent family can be stressful for both the child and the parent. Such families are faced with challenges of inadequate financial resources (children defense find 2004).

Schults (2006) noted that if adolescents from unstable homes are to be compared with those from stable homes, it would be seen that the former have more social, academic and emotional problems. Thus, the family and its structure play a great role in children's academic performance. Moreover, parents are probably the actor with the clearest undimensional interest in a high level of their children's academic performance.

In Nigeria, the existence of single-parenthood was unknown and where they existed they were ignored as exceptional cases. However, nowadays, they are fast growing family patterns both inside and outside Nigeria. In Nigeria, among Yoruba's, the parental roles are culturally determined and distributed. The maternal roles are that of child-rearing, home training and playing of complimentary roles, while the paternal roles are that of economic responsibilities and disciplines of children. The child is morally, mentally upright and emotionally balanced when the caring responsibilities are carried out by both parents.

Therefore, in Nigeria where the research was carried out, the activities that was conducted is to know the Influence of Domestic Violence and Broken Homes on Adolescents’ Academic Performance.


1.3 Statement of Problems

Investigation revealed that as young people attain adolescence; their responses to living with domestic violence are more likely to attract a mental health diagnosis or a label of delinquency. It is observed that feelings that would characterize young people living with domestic violence are largely a feeling of fear, sadness and loneliness, including suicidal feelings. There is a global awareness of the Importance of the home environment on students' academic performance.

In Nigeria, most home are not intact as a result of issues of incompatibility of the couples, incessant violence leading to separation, divorce, death of a parent and the quest for the oversea trips to make more money, and at times marital infidelity. This has resulted in the separation of couples and children. In some states in the federation, this is quite clear, in that most young ladies abandon their homes, and embark on oversea trips with a view to making money. Some men, who travel abroad, abandon their homes and would not communicate with the families back-home so children from such homes are in dilemma, especially in schools. Moreover, a single parent faces doubled responsibilities requiring time, attention and money of the parent. Hence, less attention is paid to the education of the child. The teachers commonly describe children from broken homes as more hostile, aggressive, anxious, fearful, hyperactive and distractive than children from intact family (Tenibiaje, 2011).

In order to ensure that their children acquire appropriate and balanced social, psychological, moral and academic development; both father and mother have indispensable and unique responsibility for the psychological, educational and career development of their children. However, the advent of broken homes has distorted these complementary roles. This has in turn impacted adversely on the total upbringing of the children including their psycho well-being and educational performance. It is against this backdrop that this study seeks to investigate the influence of domestic violence and broken homes on adolescents' academic performance.


1.4 Aim and Objectives of Study

The aim of the study is to investigate the Influence of Domestic Violence and Broken Homes on Adolescents’ Academic Performance in Jalingo educational zone in Taraba state. In achieving this aim, the following specific objectives were laid out as follows:

  1. To explore the influence of domestic violence on adolescents’ academic performance;
  2. To find out the influence of a broken homes on adolescents’ academic performance;
  3. To examine the influence of gender on adolescents’ academic performance;
  4. To find out if tribal differences have a significant influence on adolescents’ academic performance; and
  5. To determine if there is any joint influence of domestic violence and broken home on adolescents’ academic performance.

1.5 Research Questions

The study came up with research questions so as to be able to ascertain the above stated objectives. The specific research questions for the study are stated below as follows:

  • Will domestic violence have a significant influence on adolescents’ academic performance?
  • Will gender have a significant influence on adolescents’ academic performance?
  • Will domestic violence and broken homes have a significant joint and independent influence on adolescents’ academic performance?
  • To what extent will broken homes significantly influence adolescents’ academic performance?
  • What are the educational challenges faced by students from broken homes in Jalingo educational zone in Taraba State?

1.6 Research Hypothesis

In order to pursue the objective of this study, the following generalized statements have been designed to guide and aids in obtaining the result for the experiment to be conducted. For this work, the null hypothesis will be represented with H0 while the alternative hypothesis will be represented with hypothesis H1.

Hypothesis One

  • H0: Students who report low scores on domestic violence would have higher academic performance.
  • H1: Students who report low scores on domestic violence would not have higher academic performance.

Hypothesis Two

  • H0: There would not be a joint significant and independent influence of domestic violence and broken homes on adolescents’ academic performance.
  • H1: There would be a joint significant and independent influence of domestic violence and broken homes on adolescents’ academic performance.

Hypothesis Three

  • H0: Individual who report high scores on broken home would not have lower academic performance than those who report lower score.
  • H1: Individual who report high scores on broken home would have lower academic performance than those who report lower score.

Hypothesis Four

  • H0: Male students would not perform significantly higher than female students.
  • H1: Male students would perform significantly higher than female students.

1.7 Significance of Study

The findings of the study will be of immense benefits to students, teachers, policy makers, marriage counselors and future researchers.

  1. Teachers will be informed with adequate information on how to handle, support, encourage, motivate and gear students from broken homes to succeed in their academics.
  2. Policy makers and curriculum developers will ensure that effective policies towards the improvement of academic achievement among students from broken home are implemented and executed.
  3. Marriage counselors will be equipped with better knowledge and advice tactics to counsel students and parents.
  4. Future researchers in this line of study will benefit from this study in future research undertakings.

CHAPTER TWO

2.0 Literature Review

2.1 Introduction

This chapter focuses on the review of related literature. A literature review includes the current knowledge as well as theoretical and methodological contributions to a particular topic. It documents the state of the art with respect to the topic you are writing. It surveys the literature in the topic selected. In this research work the literature review includes the …

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