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Prevalence of Gastrointestinal Parasite in Cow Cattle Or Goat Slaughter

Prevalence of Gastrointestinal Parasite in Cow, Cattle Or Goat Slaughter

Project / Seminar Material
Reference ID: PS-25017-TM

DEDICATION

This research material titled “Prevalence of Gastrointestinal Parasite in Cow, Cattle Or Goat Slaughter” is dedicated to God for his enabling grace, and to all computer enthusiasts who contributed to make life a pleasant experience during my research documentation.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I extend my sincere gratitude to all those who contributed to the completion of this project. Special thanks to my Supervisor (Name of your Supervisor), the Head of Department (Name of your HOD), the Lecturers in the department of Zoology, Book Authors and Profound Scholars of existing or related project material on “Prevalence of Gastrointestinal Parasite in Cow, Cattle Or Goat Slaughter” for their invaluable guidance, support, and expertise throughout the journey.

I am also grateful to your study area (mention any funding organizations, if applicable) for their financial assistance. This research would not have been possible without the encouragement and assistance of some stakeholders (mention any mentors, teachers, or colleagues). Additionally, I would like to acknowledge the understanding and patience of my family and friends during this endeavor. Your unwavering support has been a constant source of motivation. Thank you all for being part of this meaningful endeavor.

ABSTRACT

The study was carried out to assess the Prevalence of Gastrointestinal Parasite in Cow, Cattle Or Goat Slaughter at Kwara Abattoir. In achieving this aim, the following specific objectives were laid out to examine the gastrointestinal parasites prevalence in cattle and identify the various parasite involved in cattle Slaughter. Faeces were randomly collected from 205 cattle of less and greater than one year of age. Helminthes eggs and oocysts were detected by coproscopy and faecal egg load determined using McMaster technique. Result shows that prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites was 95.12%, helminthes had lower prevalence of 44.39% (91) compared to coccidial oocysts, 95.12% (195). Detected helminth eggs include Haemonchus spp, Ascaris, Trichostrongylus spp, Paramphistomum spp, Monieza spp and Fasciola spp. Furthermore, study revealed prevalence of 32.68%, 11.22% and 0.49% for nematode, trematode and cestodes, respectively. Analysis revealed significant (p<0.05) difference between the prevalence of nematodes and trematode as well as the mean faecal egg count of the cattle sampled in the abattoir and the University farm. In conclusion, gastrointestinal parasites are prevalent in cattle in the study area with Eimeria spp being most prevalent. Demonstration Fasciola spp, a zoonotic helminth, in the study area calls for serious public health concern and hence regular screening of gastrosintestinal parasites should be carried out for effective monitoring and control. This report provides preliminary information on gastrointestinal prevalence in cattle to the public health epidemiologists, veterinarians and farmers. This may have serious implication on the diagnosis, control and management of parasitic diseases in Kwara State.


Prevalence of Gastrointestinal Parasite in Cow, Cattle Or Goat Slaughter

CHAPTER ONE

1.1 Introduction

Cattle are large bodied ruminants that feed on pastures and forages or fodder. In Nigeria, cattle are reared primarily for meat which is a veritable source of protein for humans, and for milk (Arowolo et al., 2013). Cattle rearing in Nigeria is an old occupation which is traditionally practiced by Fulanis and Shuwa Arabs in northern Nigeria with an extremely few local villages in the southern Nigeria (Erebor, 2003).

As a prelude to other parts of this study, this chapter will discuss the background upon which this study was initiated, the statement of problems that led to this study, the Aim and Objectives of the study. Others are Significance of the study, Scope of work, Limitations of the Study and Definition of technical terms.


1.2 Background of Study

Cattle are a major source of animal protein in Nigeria. It contributes more than seventy percent (70%) of total protein consumed. In Nigeria, majority of these cattle are in the hand of pastoralists who take their cattle on a free range grazing and thus exposing them to various disease causing agents including parasitic helminthes and protozoans.

The gastrointestinal parasites mainly helminthes and some protozoans are responsible for clinical and subclinical diseases of livestock and this has been a major constraint to livestock productionin Nigeria (Biu et al., 2004).

These gastrointestinal parasites have caused direct production loss to livestock and indirectly by retarding the growth, lowering productivity and increasing susceptibility of animals to other infections (Yadav, 2006) Other indirect economic losses include lowered fertility, reduced work capacity, involuntary culling and treatment cost (Zahid et al., 2005) The common gastrointestinal parasites of cattle are the helminthes of the class nematode (Haemonchus spp., Ostertagia spp., Capillaria spp., Trichuris spp., Strongyliodes spp.), trematodes (Dicrocoelium spp., Fasciola spp., Amphistomes) and cestodes (Moniezia spp., Taenia spp.) (Lebbie, 1994). Protozoans parasites especially, coccidial parasites are the most commonly encountered in the ruminants. The most important coccidial of cattle include Eimeria and crypto sporidium species but Toxoplasma and Haemondia species have also been reported. While infections due to coccidial parasites are of less importance in cattle, their capacity to act as a vector and carrier of cryptosporidium that are pathogenic to other domesticated animals and man has been a source of worry (Adejinmi, 1996). While most of these studieson gastrointestinal parasites of cattle focused mostly on helminthes, less attention is paid to other parasites that could be of great economic and zoonotic importance. Furthermore, there is no information on the prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites of cattle in Kwara State. Adequate knowledge about the dynamics and distribution of gastrointestinal parasites in Nigeria may help in the designing of therapeutic and epidemiological control of the diseases cause by the parasites.

Therefore, in Kwara Abattoir where the research was carried out, the activities that was conducted is to know the Prevalence of Gastrointestinal Parasite in Cow, Cattle or Goat Slaughter.


1.3 Statement of Problems

Investigation revealed that cattle are a major source of animal protein in Nigeria. It contributes more than seventy percent (70%) of total protein consumed. In Nigeria, majority of these cattle are in the hand of pastoralists who take their cattle on a free range grazing and thus exposing them to various disease causing agents including parasitic helminthes and protozoans. The gastrointestinal parasites mainly helminthes and some protozoans are responsible for clinical and subclinical diseases of livestock and this has been a major constraint to livestock productionin Nigeria (Biu et al., 2004).


1.4 Aim and Objectives of Study

The aim of the study is to assess the Prevalence of Gastrointestinal Parasite in Cow, Cattle or Goat Slaughter at Kwara Abattoir. In achieving this aim, the following specific objectives were laid out as follows:

  1. To examine the gastrointestinal parasites prevalence in cattle
  2. To identify the various parasite involved in cattle Slaughter at Kwara Abattoir
  3. To provide preliminary information on the prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites of cattle in Kwara Abattoir.

1.5 Significance of Study

This report provides preliminary information on gastrointestinal prevalence in cattle to the public health epidemiologists, veterinarians and farmers. This may have serious implication on the diagnosis, control and management of parasitic diseases in Kwara State.

This study will be of immense benefit to other researchers who intend to know more on this study and can also be used by non-researchers to build more on their research work. This study contributes to knowledge and could serve as a guide for other study.


1.6 Scope of Study

The scope of the research is focused on the Prevalence of Gastrointestinal Parasite in Cow, Cattle or Goat Slaughter at Kwara Abattoir.


1.7 Limitations of the Study

During the course of this study, many things militated against its completion, some of which are:

  1. Time Constraint: The time frame given to accomplish this project was very short due to school academic calendar and it was carried out under pressure which made the researcher not to implement some necessary features.
  2. Research material: availability of research material is a major setback to the scope of the study.
  3. Frequent power failure: This made the researcher append more money on fuel to ensure sustainable power.
  4. Financial Constraint: Insufficient fund tends to impede the efficiency of the researcher in sourcing for the relevant materials, literature or information and in the process of data collection.

1.8 Definition of Terms

Phytochemical: This is a substance produced mainly by plants, and these substances have biological activity.

Component: it simply means one part of a whole thing.

Antibacterial: Anything that destroys bacteria or suppresses their growth or their ability to reproduce. Heat, chemicals such as chlorine, and antibiotic drugs all have antibacterial properties.

CHAPTER TWO

2.0 Literature Review

2.1 Introduction

This chapter focuses on the review of related literature. A literature review includes the current knowledge as well as theoretical and methodological contributions to a particular topic. It documents the state of the art with respect to the topic you are writing. It surveys the literature in the topic selected. In this research work the literature review includes the …

Summary Headlines for Prevalence of Gastrointestinal Parasite in Cow, Cattle Or Goat Slaughter



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