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Effects of Saccharomyces on Probiotics Cerevisia on Laying Chicken Fed a Diet Based on Palm Kernel Cake

Effects of Saccharomyces on Probiotics Cerevisia on Laying Chicken Fed a Diet Based on Palm Kernel Cake

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DEDICATION

This research material, titled “Effects of Saccharomyces on Probiotics Cerevisia on Laying Chicken Fed a Diet Based on Palm Kernel Cake” is dedicated to God for His boundless grace and guidance. It is also a tribute to all computer enthusiasts whose contributions made my research journey smoother and enriched my documentation process, making the experience truly fulfilling.



ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I am profoundly grateful to everyone who contributed to the successful completion of this project. I am especially grateful to my Supervisor (Name), the Head of Department (Name), and the Lecturers in the Department of Agricultural Engineering (AE) for their invaluable guidance and support. I also acknowledge the contributions of authors and scholars whose works on Effects of Saccharomyces on Probiotics Cerevisia on Laying Chicken Fed a Diet Based on Palm Kernel Cake provided essential insights. Special thanks go to my study area (and any funding organizations, if applicable) for their financial assistance. I am equally thankful to stakeholders, including mentors, teachers, and colleagues, for their encouragement and support. Finally, I deeply appreciate my family and friends for their patience and unwavering support throughout this journey. Your contributions have been instrumental in making this research a reality.



ABSTRACT

The study investigated the probiotic effects of Saccharomyces cerevisiae on pullets development and hen-day egg performance of the layers. A total of 120 chicks were brooded for 4 weeks, after which 100 pullets were randomly selected and placed in 4 groups (A-D) of 25 birds each. Groups A, B and C had their feed supplemented with S. cerevisiae at graded levels of 0.6, 0.8 and 1.0 g/kg of feed respectively. Group D diet did not contain S. cerevisiae (control). The diets for all the groups contained 25% PKC and they were isocaloric and isonitrogenous. The pullets were weighed weekly.

At 9th, 15th and 40th week of age, 5 birds were randomly selected from each pen and 2 ml. of blood collected into an EDTA bottle for haematology. The blood sample was used to determine packed cell volume (PCV), haemoglobin concentration (HbC), total leukocyte count (TLC) and differential leukocyte count following standard procedures. At 10th and 40th week of age, 3 pullets were randomly selected from each group and placed in four different cages. The quantity of feed consumed and faeces voided were determined, proximately analyzed and used to determine the apparent digestibility of the diets. Eggs were collected three times daily, weighed and their external qualities were assessed. At the 20th week in lay, another set of 5 layers were randomly selected from each group and 5 ml of blood were collected from each bird and allowed to clot. The serum harvested was used to evaluate the serum biochemistry of the layers. At the 22nd week in lay, ten eggs were randomly selected from each group and were used to determine the egg


Effects of Saccharomyces on Probiotics Cerevisia on Laying Chicken Fed a Diet Based on Palm Kernel Cake

CHAPTER ONE

1.1 Introduction

… As a prelude to other parts of this study, this chapter will discuss the background upon which this study was initiated, the statement of problems that led to this study, the Aim and Objectives of the study. Others are Significance of the study, Scope of work, Research hypothesis and questions, Limitation of the study and Definition of technical terms.…

CHAPTER TWO

2.0 Literature Review

2.1 Introduction

This chapter focuses on the review of related literature. A literature review includes the current knowledge as well as theoretical and methodological contributions to a particular topic. It documents the state of the art with respect to the topic you are writing. It surveys the literature in the topic selected. In this research work the literature review includes the conceputal review, theoretical framework, the review of related literature …

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Defense Procedure for Agricultural Engineering Researchers

In preparation for defending a project or seminar on Effects of Saccharomyces on Probiotics Cerevisia on Laying Chicken Fed a Diet Based on Palm Kernel Cake, it is imperative that as a nursing student, you demonstrate comprehensive knowledge of your research. The defense process is structured to include presenting your work, answering questions, and illustrating its pertinence. Initially, provide a succinct yet thorough introduction to your research topic, emphasizing its importance and the objectives, ensuring that both the audience and the External Examiner can understand the scope of your study.

Prior to your defense, be thoroughly acquainted with your research abstract and the critical elements of Chapter One, including motivation for embarking on this research, problem statement, objectives, and significance. In Chapter Two, be ready to cite at least two references from the literature review. For Chapter Three, you should be equipped to discuss the methodologies, tools, and techniques utilized. In Chapter Four, defend your research by justifying the findings and linking them to your research objectives.

Conclude your defense by succinctly summarizing the study and offering insightful, evidence-based recommendations. A professional dress code, such as wearing a suit and tie, is vital to create a favorable impression and elevate your presentation.

During the question and answer segment, the External Examiner may pose questions pertaining to your research. If confronted with a challenging or irrelevant question, respond diplomatically with, “Sorry, Sir/Madam, the question asked is beyond the scope of my study.” Whenever possible, direct your answers back to your research findings to reinforce your expertise.

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