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Soil Testing in Hydrometer and Its Importance in Geology

Soil Testing in Hydrometer and Its Importance in Geology

Project / Seminar Material
Reference ID: PS-24192-TM

DEDICATION

This research material titled “Soil Testing in Hydrometer and Its Importance in Geology” is dedicated to God for his enabling grace, and to all computer enthusiasts who contributed to make life a pleasant experience during my research documentation.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I extend my sincere gratitude to all those who contributed to the completion of this project. Special thanks to my Supervisor (Name of your Supervisor), the Head of Department (Name of your HOD), the Lecturers in the department of Geology, Book Authors and Profound Scholars of existing or related project material on “Soil Testing in Hydrometer and Its Importance in Geology” for their invaluable guidance, support, and expertise throughout the journey.

I am also grateful to your study area (mention any funding organizations, if applicable) for their financial assistance. This research would not have been possible without the encouragement and assistance of some stakeholders (mention any mentors, teachers, or colleagues). Additionally, I would like to acknowledge the understanding and patience of my family and friends during this endeavor. Your unwavering support has been a constant source of motivation. Thank you all for being part of this meaningful endeavor.


Soil Testing in Hydrometer and Its Importance in Geology

CHAPTER ONE

1.1 Introduction

Hydrometer Test of Soil is the process of measuring the particle size distribution of fine-grained soils like clay and silt is best performed using the soil hydrometer test. This sedimentation method is familiar to all geotechnical laboratories. The hydrometer analysis of soil, based on Stokes’ law, calculates the size of soil particles from the speed at which they settle out of suspension from a liquid. Results from the test show the grain size distribution for soils finer than the No. 200 (75µm) sieve. However, when combined with a sieve analysis, offer a complete gradation profile of soils containing coarser materials. Hydrometer test specimens come from a variety of sources, large bulk samples from a field project, jar or tube samples from a soil test boring, or representative samples taken from other laboratory tests like hydraulic conductivity or moisture/density relationship (Proctor). Whenever possible, the moisture content in the bulk samples should be conserved through the preparation phase, since air-drying can alter the characteristics of clay particles. Air-dried soils require specific steps in sample preparation. Oven-dried soils cannot be tested using this method (Globalgilson, 2021).

As a prelude to other parts of this study, this chapter will discuss the background upon which this study was initiated, the statement of problems that led to this study, the Aim and Objectives of the study. Others are Significance of the study, Scope of work, Limitations of the Study and Definition of technical terms.


1.2 Statement of Problem

Basic engineering properties of Sub grade materials are required for design and Coarse grained soils serves as good for supporting pavements whereas fine grained soils, particularly clayey soils pose problem to pavement. The main structural function of pavement are to support the wheel loads applied to the carriage way and ultimately distribute to the subgrade layer. The major problem of flexible pavements were not being designed and constructed to sufficiently long lasting and cost effective. It reflects problems like early cracking, rutting and moisture damage.


1.3 Aim and Objectives of Study

The aim of the study is to determine the Soil Testing in Hydrometer and Its Importance in Geology. In achieving this aim, the following specific objectives were set out as follows:

  1. To perform an hydrometer soil testing to determine its Importance in Geology
  2. To compare the silt, clay and sand contents measured using the Pipette method, Bouyoucos method
  3. To obtain information regarding the strength characteristics of the soil.

1.4 Significance of Study

This study will be of immense benefit to researchers who intend to know more on this study and can also be used by non-researchers to build more on their research work. This study contributes to knowledge and could serve as a guide for other study.


1.5 Scope of Study

The study focuses on the Soil Testing in Hydrometer and Its Importance in Geology using Rufus Giwa Polytechnic, Owo, Ondo State as a case study.


1.6 Limitations of the Study

During the course of this study, many things militated against its completion, some of which are:

  1. Time Constraint: The time frame given to accomplish this project was very short due to school academic calendar and it was carried out under pressure which made the researcher not to implement some necessary features.
  2. Research material: availability of research material is a major setback to the scope of the study.
  3. Frequent power failure: This made the researcher append more money on fuel to ensure sustainable power.
  4. Financial Constraint: Insufficient fund tends to impede the efficiency of the researcher in sourcing for the relevant materials, literature or information and in the process of data collection (internet).

CHAPTER TWO

2.0 Literature Review

2.1 Introduction

This chapter focuses on the review of related literature. A literature review includes the current knowledge as well as theoretical and methodological contributions to a particular topic. It documents the state of the art with respect to the topic you are writing. It surveys the literature in the topic selected. In this research work the literature review includes the …

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