Strategies for Promoting Productivity in Civil Service

1.0 Introduction
With the emergence of modern states and the development of the organs of government the legislature, judiciary and executive arm, the civil service evolved as the bed-rock of the executive arm of the state.
The term civil service is used to describe those public servants who are direct employees of the federal and state government, other the police, the armed forces personnel. The judicial personnel and teachers. Its usage exclude also employees of statutory corporations and broads (Nwosu, 1977). According to Adebayo (1980), the civil service comprises all servants of the state other than those holding political appointments, who are employed in a civil capacity and whose remunerations are paid out of money voted by the legislature Adamolekun (1983) sees the civil service as the body of permanent officials appointed to assist the political executives in formulating and implement its policies and programmes.
However, the civil service is an indispensable instrument through which governments implement its policies and programmes.
The term civil service can also be seen as the totality of the states civilian bureaucracy and major source of expert advice as well as instrument for the implementation of government policies.

1.1 Background Of The Study
The historical background of the civil service dated back to the end of colonial masters and post independence period.
After the second world war there were about 14 British administration in the recitation to Nigerians supported staff and one European stenotherm. The headquarter of the most technical departments was in Ebutometa that of the veterinary service was vow while that agriculture and forestry was in Ibadan field administration was co-ordination from two centers Kaduna for the North and Lagos later Enugu for the South. In 1959, Southern Nigeria was splitted into two regions eastern and western region respectively.
The Rechard constitution in 1946 further divided the country into the regions namely: The northern and eastern regions. The McPherson constitution 1951 introduced the apartments of ministers for the regions and at the center, there was also the suggest the independence of the civil service between the politicians in office and the authorities of the central government.
During the lord lauguard era the duties of all administrative offices were just that of maintaining law and order in the district placed under their immediate administrative control. It was only at the end of world war 11 (two) that effort were made to achieve some social and economic benefit for Nigerians. It was at that time that such office like the department of marketing and export were established.
In the western Nigerian civil servant were told that policy making was the executive function of the legislature. So, the civil servant were to do whatever the legislature wanted them to do. In the eastern state civil servants were to give sound advice to the political leaders control the traditional aspects of the government activities and were also to be efficient executives who could manage and treat all the complex operations of modern state.
In the northern Nigeria the duties of administration office includes to give out themselves to the service of training people to build up an efficient institution of local government and finally to facilitate the emergence of an intelligent and responsible public opinion. The system of administration that emerges on independence was British in character. It was also English language that was used as a medium of communication in the conduct of followed by another six years of oil boom which brought about extreme materialism.
These gave use to great indiscipline corruption and a total contemplation of order within the whole society including the civil service. Having discussed the histories background of the civil service and its role before and after independence, it is necessary at this stage to define the “productivity which is the main objective of this research.
Productivity has been defined as the volume of goods and service produced per worker with in some specified unit of the year month week day and hour for some years now there has been consistent public outcry about continued decline of productivity in the civil service.

1.2 Statement Of The Problem
There has been consistent low productivity in the civil service since Nigeria become independence. This study is set out to assess the knowledge of job motivation and use of official work hours in the civil service in order to promote productivity.

1.3 Objective Of The Study
The purpose of the present study is to large extent explained by the titles promoting productivity in the civil service. To be more specific:

1. To identify the things that makes civil servant to perform below standard.
2. To find out the main cause of productivity decline in the civil service commission
3. And to determine the measures to be taken in order to arrest the situation.

1.4 Research Question
The research question of the present study are to a large extent explained by the title strategies of promoting productivity in civil service commission specifically they are as follows:

• What are the thing that makes civil servant to perform below standard?
• What are the main cause of productivity decline in the civil service commission?
• What is the measure to be taken to arrest the situation?

1.5 Significance Of The Study
The main significance of this study is to promote productivity in civil service mainly in the Enugu state civil service commission.
If the productivity of Enugu state civil service commission is promoting, the following people will benefit from it.

1. The civil servant of the commission they will benefit in the sense that the workers in the commission will be enjoying good pay and allowances.
2. The government will also benefit from the promotion, in this case governments will no more be faced with the problems of state and complaint that comes from the civil servant of the commission.

1.6 Scope Of The Study
The scope of study focus on the strategies of productivity in civil service commission and the objectives of Enugu state civil services commission in other to carry out research of this nature one would always require adequate provision of finance, accurate information and time limit.

1.7 Limitation Of The Study
At the time questionnaire were distribute to some members of staff of Enugu state civil service commission. Some felt reluctant to receive them on the preference, that they were too busy with office work. Some workers even complained that because they were civil servant they could not answer every question.

1.8 Definition Of Terms
There are some terms in this research work which needs to be defined in other to alert their scholars of their meanings.
Productivity:
It can be defined as the volume of goods and services produced by a worker within some specified unit of the year, month, week, day or hours.
Civil Service:
It can be defined as the body of permanent officials appointed to assist the political executives in formulating and implementing government policies.
Strategies:
Is the process of planning something of putting a plan into operation in a skillful way.
Promoting:
It is the activity that encourages people to believe in the value or importance of something or that helps something to succeed. It is also the benefits enjoys by the some set of group or individual.