Project Topics Seminar Topics Post UTME Nursing Exam Past Questions
Search Topic
PARKLYN
ERVICES
 · RC: 2994849
The Effect of the Ethanolic Extract of Anchomanes Difformis (Blume) on Liver Functions of Adult Wistar Rats

The Effect of the Ethanolic Extract of Anchomanes Difformis (Blume) on Liver Functions of Adult Wistar Rats

@SparklynServices
WhatsApp Channel

DEDICATION

This research material, titled “The Effect of the Ethanolic Extract of Anchomanes Difformis (Blume) on Liver Functions of Adult Wistar Rats” is dedicated to God for His boundless grace and guidance. It is also a tribute to all computer enthusiasts whose contributions made my research journey smoother and enriched my documentation process, making the experience truly fulfilling.



ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I am profoundly grateful to everyone who contributed to the successful completion of this project. I am especially grateful to my Supervisor (Name), the Head of Department (Name), and the Lecturers in the Department of Biochemistry for their invaluable guidance and support. I also acknowledge the contributions of authors and scholars whose works on The Effect of the Ethanolic Extract of Anchomanes Difformis (Blume) on Liver Functions of Adult Wistar Rats provided essential insights. Special thanks go to my study area (and any funding organizations, if applicable) for their financial assistance. I am equally thankful to stakeholders, including mentors, teachers, and colleagues, for their encouragement and support. Finally, I deeply appreciate my family and friends for their patience and unwavering support throughout this journey. Your contributions have been instrumental in making this research a reality.



TABLE OF CONTENTS

PRELIMINARY PAGES

CHAPTER ONE

  • 1.0 Introduction
  • 1.1 Medicinal plants
  • 1.1.2 History of medicinal plants
  • 1.2 Liver function test
  • 1.3 Aim of study

CHAPTER TWO

  • 2.0 Literature review
  • 2.1 Anchomanes Difformis
  • 2.1.2 Features
  • 2.1.3 Uses of Anchomanes Difformis
  • 2.1.4 Scientific studies on A.difformis
  • 2.2 The Liver
  • 2.2.1 Anatomy of the Liver
  • 2.2.2 Functions
  • 2.2.3 Cell types
  • 2.3 Evaluation of Liver functions
  • 2.4 Abnormal levels of liver enzymes
  • 2.4.1 Nonalcoholic fatty liver damage
  • 2.4.2 Alcohol
  • 2.4.3 Wilson disease
  • 2.4.4 Hepatits
  • 2.4.5 Cirhosis
  • 2.4.6 Medications
  • 2.5 Aspartate aminotransferase (AST)
  • 2.5 Functions
  • 2.5.1 Mechanism of action
  • 2.5.2 Clinical signifance
  • 2.6 Alanine aminotransferase (ALT)
  • 2.6.1 Functions
  • 2.6.2 Clinical significance
  • 2.7 Alkaline phosphatase (ALP)
  • 2.7.1 Physiology
  • 2.7.2 Elevation in ALP level
  • 2.8 Bilirubin
  • 2.8.1 Functions
  • 2.8.2 Clinical significance
  • 2.8.3 Abnormal Bilirubin level

CHAPTER THREE

  • 3.0 Materials and methods
  • 3.1 Apparatus and equipment
  • 3.2 Chemical reagents
  • 3.3 Collection and extraction of plant materials
  • 3.4 Practical history and Animal management
  • 3.5 Drug administration
  • 3.6 Sacrificing of rats
  • 3.7 Organ homogenization
  • 3.8 Biochemical analyses
  • 3.8.1 Bilirubin
  • 3.8.1.1 Principle
  • 3.8.1.2 Reagent composition
  • 3.8.1.3 Procedure
  • 3.8.2 Alanine aminotransferase
  • 3.8.2.1 Principle
  • 3.8.2.2 Reagent composition
  • 3.8.2.3 Procedure
  • 3.8.2.4 Calculation
  • 3.8.3 Alkaline phosphatase
  • 3.8.3.1 Principle
  • 3.8.3.2 Reagent composition
  • 3.8.3.3 Preparation of reagents
  • 3.8.3.4 Procedure
  • 3.8.3.5 Calculation
  • 3.8.4 Aspartate aminotransferase
  • 3.8.4.1 Principle
  • 3.8.4.2 Reagent composition
  • 3.8.4.3 Procedure
  • 3.8.4.4 Calculation

CHAPTER FOUR

  • 4.0 Results

CHAPTER FIVE

  • 5.0 Discussion, conclusion and recommendation
  • 5.1 Discussion
  • 5.2 Conclusion
  • 5.3 Recommendation

REFERENCES

APPENDIX


ABSTRACT

This research was carried out to determine the effect of administration of Achomanes Difformis (blume) on liver functions in adult wistar rat, in which 20 adult wistar rats were purchased at the institute of advanced medical research and training (IMRAT), UCH, Ibadan. The rats were grouped into 4 in which there is a control group in which the rats were placed on normal diet and water. Other groups (A, B and C) were administered 300mg/kg/b.wt, 500mg/kg/b.wt and 700mg/kg/b.wt respectively. The herb was administered for duration of 14 days. Their cages were cleaned every day maintain proper hygiene. The rats were sacrificed immediately after two weeks of drug administration. From the result obtained, the administration of Anchomanes difformis has a hepatotoxic effect. It showed that there was an insignificant increase (p>0.05) in the level of AST, ALT and ALP, and an insignificant decrease (p>0.05) in the level of Total and Direct Bilirubin in the plasma at different dosage rate of the herb, when compared to the control group. The result demonstrates that the ingestion of Anchomanes difformis has a hepatotoxic effect in adult wistar rat.


The Effect of the Ethanolic Extract of Anchomanes Difformis (Blume) on Liver Functions of Adult Wistar Rats

CHAPTER ONE

1.1 Introduction

… As a prelude to other parts of this study, this chapter will discuss the background upon which this study was initiated, the statement of problems that led to this study, the Aim and Objectives of the study. Others are Significance of the study, Scope of work, Research hypothesis and questions, Limitation of the study and Definition of technical terms.…

CHAPTER TWO

2.0 Literature Review

2.1 Introduction

This chapter focuses on the review of related literature. A literature review includes the current knowledge as well as theoretical and methodological contributions to a particular topic. It documents the state of the art with respect to the topic you are writing. It surveys the literature in the topic selected. In this research work the literature review includes the conceputal review, theoretical framework, the review of related literature …

Procedure for Accessing and Downloading the Complete Material in PDF or DOCX Format

Above is a preview excerpt of the full study on “The Effect of the Ethanolic Extract of Anchomanes Difformis (Blume) on Liver Functions of Adult Wistar Rats”. The complete material, including all five chapters, is available for download upon request.

To obtain the complete research material content, simply place an order by paying the specified project or seminar fee using the account details or electronic payment (E-payment) system provided below.

Seminar Material
₦3,000		Project Material
₦5,000

For Mobile Money (MoMo) and Researchers Outside Nigeria, Kindly Request Complete Material via WhatsApp.

Account Details - For USSD / POS Transfer

ACCT NAMESPARKLYN SERVICES
Zenith Bank PLC1222599051
MoniePoint (MFB)8030511988
Paycom (OPay)8030511988

–– or ––

After payment, send message containing your payment receipt to Sparklyn Services with the phone number displayed below.

Once payment is confirmed, the complete document will be delivered via WhatsApp or email in Microsoft Word (MS-Word) format.

You can get more research topics on Biochemistry, if you did not see your preferred topic from the alternate list above.

Defense Procedure for Biochemistry Researchers

In preparation for defending a project or seminar on The Effect of the Ethanolic Extract of Anchomanes Difformis (Blume) on Liver Functions of Adult Wistar Rats, it is imperative that as a nursing student, you demonstrate comprehensive knowledge of your research. The defense process is structured to include presenting your work, answering questions, and illustrating its pertinence. Initially, provide a succinct yet thorough introduction to your research topic, emphasizing its importance and the objectives, ensuring that both the audience and the External Examiner can understand the scope of your study.

Prior to your defense, be thoroughly acquainted with your research abstract and the critical elements of Chapter One, including motivation for embarking on this research, problem statement, objectives, and significance. In Chapter Two, be ready to cite at least two references from the literature review. For Chapter Three, you should be equipped to discuss the methodologies, tools, and techniques utilized. In Chapter Four, defend your research by justifying the findings and linking them to your research objectives.

Conclude your defense by succinctly summarizing the study and offering insightful, evidence-based recommendations. A professional dress code, such as wearing a suit and tie, is vital to create a favorable impression and elevate your presentation.

During the question and answer segment, the External Examiner may pose questions pertaining to your research. If confronted with a challenging or irrelevant question, respond diplomatically with, “Sorry, Sir/Madam, the question asked is beyond the scope of my study.” Whenever possible, direct your answers back to your research findings to reinforce your expertise.

Page Content Headings - The Effect of the Ethanolic Extract of Anchomanes Difformis (Blume) on Liver Functions of Adult Wistar Rats
    Download Material (Docx)