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Development of Lipid-Based Micro Suspensions for Ophthalmic Delivery of Gentaamicin

Development of Lipid-Based Micro Suspensions for Ophthalmic Delivery of Gentaamicin

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DEDICATION

This research material, titled “Development of Lipid-Based Micro Suspensions for Ophthalmic Delivery of Gentaamicin” is dedicated to God for His boundless grace and guidance. It is also a tribute to all computer enthusiasts whose contributions made my research journey smoother and enriched my documentation process, making the experience truly fulfilling.



ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I am profoundly grateful to everyone who contributed to the successful completion of this project. I am especially grateful to my Supervisor (Name), the Head of Department (Name), and the Lecturers in the Department of Pharmaceutical Technology / Science for their invaluable guidance and support. I also acknowledge the contributions of authors and scholars whose works on Development of Lipid-Based Micro Suspensions for Ophthalmic Delivery of Gentaamicin provided essential insights. Special thanks go to my study area (and any funding organizations, if applicable) for their financial assistance. I am equally thankful to stakeholders, including mentors, teachers, and colleagues, for their encouragement and support. Finally, I deeply appreciate my family and friends for their patience and unwavering support throughout this journey. Your contributions have been instrumental in making this research a reality.



ABSTRACT

The bioavailability of drugs from conventional eye drops is generally low. Many studies have demonstrated that new and more complex ophthalmic drug forms exhibit advantage over traditional ones and are able to increase the bioavailability of the active substance by, among others, reducing the susceptibility of drug forms to defense mechanisms of the human eye, extending contact time of drug with the cornea, increasing the penetration through the complex anatomical structure of the eye, and providing controlled release of drugs into the eye tissues, which allows reducing the drug application frequency. In this study, lipid-based microsuspensions of gentamicin were developed and investigated as alternative for ophthalmic delivery of gentamicin.

Lipid matrices used were prepared by fusion using 1:1, 1:2 and 2:1 mixtures of Phospholipon ? 90G and Softisan ? 154. Gentamicin (0.1, 0.3, 0.5 and 0.7 w/w %) was incorporated into the lipid matrices and microsuspensions were formulated by melt homogenization technique. The microsuspensions for topical ophthalmic delivery were characterized in terms of particle size and morphology, thermal analysis, osmolarity, entrapment efficiency and loading capacity. The in vitro release study of gentamicin in phosphate buffer (pH 7.4) was carried out using polycarbonate dialysis membrane (MWCO 6000-8000) while the ex vivo permeation studies were conducted using excised pig cornea. The permeability coefficient and flux of the formulation across the excised cornea were determined.

The particle size of the formulations ranged from 9.15 ? 1.04 to 12.91 ? 0.5 ?m. The microsuspensions had entrapment efficiency range of 25 -64%, which were dependent on the concentration of drug. The osmolarity of the formulation was within the range of 280.33 ? 3.05 -321.67 ? 2.08 mOsmol. The formulations were stable within the period of study. The lipid based formulations exhibited 49 -88% drug release in vitro at 12 h and the release was dependent on the ratio of the lipids used. There was sustained permeability of the formulations through the excised cornea when compared with commercial gentamicin eye drop. The lipid based microsuspensions could be used for ophthalmic.


Development of Lipid-Based Micro Suspensions for Ophthalmic Delivery of Gentaamicin

CHAPTER ONE

1.1 Introduction

… As a prelude to other parts of this study, this chapter will discuss the background upon which this study was initiated, the statement of problems that led to this study, the Aim and Objectives of the study. Others are Significance of the study, Scope of work, Research hypothesis and questions, Limitation of the study and Definition of technical terms.…

CHAPTER TWO

2.0 Literature Review

2.1 Introduction

This chapter focuses on the review of related literature. A literature review includes the current knowledge as well as theoretical and methodological contributions to a particular topic. It documents the state of the art with respect to the topic you are writing. It surveys the literature in the topic selected. In this research work the literature review includes the conceputal review, theoretical framework, the review of related literature …

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