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Solid Waste Separation and Utilization

Solid Waste Separation and Utilization

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DEDICATION

This research material, titled “Solid Waste Separation and Utilization” is dedicated to God for His boundless grace and guidance. It is also a tribute to all computer enthusiasts whose contributions made my research journey smoother and enriched my documentation process, making the experience truly fulfilling.



ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I am profoundly grateful to everyone who contributed to the successful completion of this project. I am especially grateful to my Supervisor (Name), the Head of Department (Name), and the Lecturers in the Department of Chemical Engineering for their invaluable guidance and support. I also acknowledge the contributions of authors and scholars whose works on Solid Waste Separation and Utilization provided essential insights. Special thanks go to my study area (and any funding organizations, if applicable) for their financial assistance. I am equally thankful to stakeholders, including mentors, teachers, and colleagues, for their encouragement and support. Finally, I deeply appreciate my family and friends for their patience and unwavering support throughout this journey. Your contributions have been instrumental in making this research a reality.



TABLE OF CONTENTS

PRELIMINARY PAGES

CHAPTER ONE

  • 1.1 Introduction

CHAPTER TWO

  • 2.1 Solid Waste Mgt. Separation and Utilization
  • 2.2 Solid Waste (Sewage) Treatment
  • 2.2A Screenings
  • 2.2B Grit Collection
  • 2.3C Sludge
  • 2.4D Primary Sludge
  • 2.5E Trickling Filter Sludge
  • 2.5F Activated Sludge
  • 2.2.1 Digestion
  • 2.2.1A Sludge Gas
  • 2.2.1B Sludge — Drying Beds
  • 2.2.1C Sludge Processing
  • 2.3 Solid Waste Disposal
  • 2.3A Incineration of Sludge (Solid Waste)
  • 2.3B Burial
  • 2.3C Drying
  • 2.4 Solid Waste Removal From Sewage
  • 2.4A Coarse Solid Removal
  • 2.4B Find Solid Removal
  • 2.4C Sedimentation
  • 2.4D Chemical Precipitation
  • 2.5 Oxidation Processes
  • 2.5A Filtration
  • 2.5B Aeration
  • 2.5C Activated Sludge
  • 2.6 Municipal Solid Waste (Msw)
  • 2.6.1 Hazardous Waste
  • 2.6.2 Hospital Waste
  • 2.7 Segregation
  • 2.7.1 Recycling and Reuse
  • 2.7.2 Composition
  • 2.8 Utilization

CHAPTER THREE

  • 3.1 Design of New Concepts and Processes
  • 3.1A Stream Number, Name, and Description
  • 3.1B Equipment Code, Name and Description
  • 3.2 Practical Measurement of Heaps of Solid Waste

CHAPTER FOUR

  • Discussion

CHAPTER FIVE

  • Recommendation and Conclusion

REFERENCES


ABSTRACT

This project was done to bring to lime light the appropriate method of solid waste handling, separation and utilization, in order to reduce the impact on the environment — environmental degradation. In this work, effort was made to point out the required steps taken in solid waste management.

Segregation at the source was done to get either the vegetable waste separated from the plastic waste; metallic waste from plastic waste. Segregation at the source was carried out to avert difficulties associated with waste (solid) handling, separation and in general the management of waste.

More still, the biodegradable more further treated as in composting; and non biodegradable treated as in recycling of metals (Aluminium) or plastics; all geared towards ensuring that wastes (litters) were not towering to an outrageous extent, such that the stench would not upset public health. The waste can be incinerated or burnt as in combustion.

There are various use to which the solid wastes are put; use as manure to increase and supplement the soil nutrient requirement; the gas (methane) effusing from the compost could be tapped and sold on a domestic gas; while combustion facilities burn municipal solid waste at a high temperature reducing waste volume and generating electricity.


Solid Waste Separation and Utilization

CHAPTER ONE

1.0 Introduction

Solid waste is among those used items, which found no use at the material time. Humankind has been generating waste over the years, but recently, with progress of civilization, the waste generated became of a more complex nature.

As such the need to separate and utilize them became paramount than ever; the attendant utility derivable from the separated and proceed waste should not but be overemphasized.

This we research on the various methods of separation and utilization of solid waste in chapter two alongside with the accompanying chemical treatment of the sludge, while in chapter three effort will be made to design a concept that can separate, process and utilize the waste generated in our locality together with the calculation of the capacity of a waste bin, and that of the waste generation of an area. Finally, chapter four in the discussion of what got done in the proceeding chapter followed by conclusion and appendix (map of Enugu Urban).

…

CHAPTER TWO

2.0 Literature Review

2.1 Introduction

This chapter focuses on the review of related literature. A literature review includes the current knowledge as well as theoretical and methodological contributions to a particular topic. It documents the state of the art with respect to the topic you are writing. It surveys the literature in the topic selected. In this research work the literature review includes the conceputal review, theoretical framework, the review of related literature …

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Defense Procedure for Chemical Engineering Researchers

In preparation for defending a project or seminar on Solid Waste Separation and Utilization, it is imperative that as a nursing student, you demonstrate comprehensive knowledge of your research. The defense process is structured to include presenting your work, answering questions, and illustrating its pertinence. Initially, provide a succinct yet thorough introduction to your research topic, emphasizing its importance and the objectives, ensuring that both the audience and the External Examiner can understand the scope of your study.

Prior to your defense, be thoroughly acquainted with your research abstract and the critical elements of Chapter One, including motivation for embarking on this research, problem statement, objectives, and significance. In Chapter Two, be ready to cite at least two references from the literature review. For Chapter Three, you should be equipped to discuss the methodologies, tools, and techniques utilized. In Chapter Four, defend your research by justifying the findings and linking them to your research objectives.

Conclude your defense by succinctly summarizing the study and offering insightful, evidence-based recommendations. A professional dress code, such as wearing a suit and tie, is vital to create a favorable impression and elevate your presentation.

During the question and answer segment, the External Examiner may pose questions pertaining to your research. If confronted with a challenging or irrelevant question, respond diplomatically with, “Sorry, Sir/Madam, the question asked is beyond the scope of my study.” Whenever possible, direct your answers back to your research findings to reinforce your expertise.

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